Bahasa Inggeris notes, unit 1

Starter unit

Textbook English Plus 1 Year 5, Second Edition (Student's Book, KPM edition), pages 4-11 (English Plus 1 Year 5, Student's Book, Starter unit)

What this chapter covers

I can talk about my hobbies and interests with key phrases like "I'm into ..." and "I'm good at ..." (1.1)
I can use the verb be in affirmative and negative sentences, and use subject pronouns and possessive adjectives to introduce people (1.2)
I can use prepositions (on, in, under, between, next to, near, opposite) to say where everyday objects are (1.3)
I can use the possessive 's and s', and ask and answer be questions about where people and things are (1.4)
I can describe things with basic adjectives and adverbs of degree such as very, really and quite (1.5)
I can use this, that, these and those, and have got / has got in sentences, questions and short answers (1.6)
I can say countries and nationalities, for example Spain and Spanish (1.7)
I can ask Where, What and Who questions, join ideas with and, or and but, and write an email about myself (1.8)

Welcome to the Starter unit! This unit revises the English you need for Year 5. You will talk about your hobbies, use the verb be and have got, say where things are, describe things, name countries and nationalities, and write an email about yourself.

1.1Free time: hobbies and interests

These are the free-time words in the textbook. Each word matches a picture.

Fifteen small pictures of free-time activities: chatting online, reading, meeting friends, art, photography, cycling, sport, animals, music, video games, watching TV, films, skateboarding, cooking and shopping — Pictures 1 to 15: chatting online, reading, meeting friends, art, photography, cycling, sport, animals, music, video games, watching TV, films, skateboarding, cooking, shopping.

English Plus 1 Year 5, p. 4.

Key phrases: talking about hobbies and interests

Positive (+)	Negative (-)
I'm interested in photography.	I'm not interested in shopping.
I'm into sport.	I'm not into sport.
I like reading.	I don't like reading.
I'm good at basketball.	I'm not good at music.
My favourite ... is / are ...

Kate's text (p. 4)

Kate is twelve and she is from Oxford in the UK. She is into sport and she is good at basketball. Apart from sport, she likes music and chatting online. She is not interested in shopping. Her brother Jack is into video games. He and his friends like skateboarding, but they aren't very good.

After into, interested in and good at, use a noun or an -ing word: "I'm good at swimming", "I'm into music".

Make the sentence negative: "I'm interested in shopping."

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I'm not interested in shopping.

1.2The verb be, pronouns and possessive adjectives

be: affirmative and negative

Who	Affirmative	Negative
I	I'm from Oxford.	I'm not interested in shopping.
You	You're twelve.	You aren't very good.
He / She / It	She's into video games.	He isn't into sport.
We / You / They	They're students.	They aren't my friends.

"They isn't" and "You is" are wrong. Use is only with he, she, it and one person: "Mrs Turner is a teacher."

Subject pronouns and possessive adjectives

Singular subject	Singular possessive	Plural subject	Plural possessive
I	my	we	our
you	your	you	your
he	his	they	their
she	her
it	its

Subject pronouns

Marc is from Paris. He is from Paris.
Jen and Ed are from the UK. They are from the UK.
Anya and I are friends. We are friends.

A subject pronoun does the action ("She likes music"). A possessive adjective shows who owns something and comes before a noun ("her photos", "their favourite food").

Do not mix up their (belongs to them), they're (they are) and its (belongs to it) with it's (it is).

Introducing people

Dialogue (p. 5)

Leila: Hi, Jack. How are things?
Jack: Not bad. And you?
Leila: Good, thanks. This is my friend Yasmin.
Jack: Oh, hi, Yasmin.
Leila: Yasmin is into skateboarding.
Jack: Really? That's cool.
Leila: See you later, Jack.

Key phrases: How are things? / How are you? This is ... (Yasmin) is into ... See you later.

Choose the correct word: "Anna and I are friends. (We / They) are in the same class."

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We (Anna and I = we).

1.3Prepositions and everyday objects

A preposition tells us where something is.

A frog and yellow boxes showing the prepositions on, near, under, between, in, next to and opposite — on, near, under, between, in, next to, opposite.

English Plus 1 Year 5, p. 6.

Preposition	Meaning	Example
on	touching the top	The dictionaries are on the shelf.
in	inside	The mobile phone is in the drawer.
under	below	The bag is under the desk.
between	with one thing on each side	The laptop is between the speakers.
next to	at the side, very close	My desk is next to the window.
near	not far from	The poster is near the teacher's table.
opposite	on the other side, facing	The board is opposite the students' desks.

The classroom picture shows the objects: table, drawer, mobile phone, poster, laptop, speaker, desk, coat, bag, chair, notebook, pen, shelf, board, dictionary, clock.

A teacher's table with a laptop between two speakers, a mobile phone in an open drawer, and a London poster on the wall — The teacher's table: a laptop between two speakers, a mobile phone and a drawer, with a poster on the wall.

English Plus 1 Year 5, p. 6.

To remember between, picture two things, one on each side, and the object in the middle: speaker, laptop, speaker.

Look at the picture of the teacher's table. Complete: "The laptop is ____ the speakers."

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between (one speaker is on each side of the laptop).

1.4Possessive 's and be questions

Possessive 's

Rule	Examples
Singular owner: add 's	the teacher's mobile, Harry's bag
Plural owner ending in s: add ' after the s	the students' chairs, the teachers' names
Two owners: add 's to the last name	Harry and Eva's desks

Put the apostrophe in the right place. One student: the student's pen. Many students: the students' pens.

be: questions and short answers

Question	Yes	No
Am I late?	Yes, I am.	No, I'm not.
Are you at work?	Yes, I am.	No, I'm not.
Is he / she / it at home?	Yes, he / she / it is.	No, he / she / it isn't.
Are we / they in class?	Yes, we / they are.	No, we / they aren't.

Use Where to ask about a place: "Where is my laptop?" "It's in the drawer."

Charlie and Mum (p. 7)

Charlie is at school, and Mum is at home. Mum cannot find her laptop and her speakers. The laptop is in the drawer under the TV. The speakers are in Charlie's room.

Short answers do not use a contraction after Yes. Say "Yes, it is", not "Yes, it's".

Write the possessive phrase: the pens of Harry.

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Harry's pens.

1.5Basic adjectives and adverbs of degree

An adjective describes a noun. Learn these adjectives with their opposites.

Adjective	Opposite
popular	unpopular
good	bad
new	old
expensive	cheap
nice	horrible
interesting	boring
fast	slow
big	small

Adverbs of degree

An adverb of degree says how strong an adjective is. It comes before the adjective.

Weaker			Stronger
not very expensive	quite expensive	very expensive	really expensive

Paul, Ben and Maria (p. 8)

Paul's mobile is old and slow, and it hasn't got a good camera. Ben's cousins in Australia have got a pet parrot called Sinbad; it is really popular with their friends. Maria has got a present for her dad. It is a book about cooking and it is very interesting.

Say "Mexico City is a really big place" or "It isn't very expensive". Do not put the adverb after the adjective.

Write the opposite of cheap and of boring.

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cheap: expensive. boring: interesting.

1.6this, that, these, those and have got

	Singular	Plural
Near you	this pen	these books
Far from you	that desk	those students

have got

Form	I / you / we / they	he / she / it
Affirmative	I have got (I've got) a mobile.	She has got (She's got) a pet.
Negative	I haven't got a mobile.	He hasn't got a pet.
Question	Have you got a mobile?	Has he got a pet?
Short answers	Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.	Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't.

Ben and Maria (p. 9)

Ben: Have you got a present for Dad?
Maria: Yes, I have. I've got this book about cooking.
Ben: That's nice. I haven't got a present.

Say "He has got", not "He have got". In a short answer, do not repeat "got": "Yes, he has."

Choose the correct word: "(This / These) books are mine." Books are close to me.

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These (plural and near).

1.7Countries and nationalities

Country	Nationality	Country	Nationality
Australia	Australian	Italy	Italian
Brazil	Brazilian	Japan	Japanese
China	Chinese	Mexico	Mexican
Egypt	Egyptian	Spain	Spanish
India	Indian	Turkey	Turkish
the UK (also called Britain)	British	the USA	American

English Plus 1 Year 5, p. 10.

Sentences from the quiz (p. 10)

People from the UK are British. The Japanese flag is white and red. Rafael Nadal is a Spanish sports star. Cairo is the Egyptian capital. Curry is Indian food.

Nationalities start with a capital letter: Spanish, not spanish. Use an before a vowel sound: an American, an Italian, a Brazilian.

What is the nationality of a person from Turkey? And from China?

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Turkish. Chinese.

1.8Question words, conjunctions and an email

Question words

Word	Asks about	Example
Where	a place	Where's Neymar Junior from?
What	a thing	What's a taco?
Who	a person	Who's Usain Bolt?

Key phrases for thinking of answers: I think he / she / it's ... And you? I'm not sure. Yes, that's right. I don't know.

Conjunctions: and, or, but

Word	Use	Example
and	adds one idea to another	I'm into music and sport.
or	gives a choice	Email or message me.
but	joins ideas that are different	I speak a little Italian, but I'm not very good at it.

Put a comma before but when it joins two full sentences: "I speak a little Italian, but I'm not very good at it."

Writing about yourself

An email on the International Friends website. Beth says she is eleven, from Boston in the USA, has two brothers and a sister, is into music and sport, and speaks a little Italian. — Beth's email to International Friends.

English Plus 1 Year 5, p. 11.

Key phrases: I'm a student at ... I'm into ..., especially ... Email or message me in ... I speak / study ... Bye for now!

Capital letters are used for names of people, places, schools and teams (Beth, Boston, the USA, Cranville High School, the Boston Celtics) and at the start of each sentence.

Complete with and, or or but: "I've got your laptop, ____ I haven't got the speakers."

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but (the two ideas are different).

Summary

Topic	Remember
Hobbies	I'm into / interested in / good at ...; I like ...; My favourite ... is ...
be	I'm, you're, he's, we're; negative: I'm not, isn't, aren't.
Pronouns	I / my, you / your, he / his, she / her, it / its, we / our, they / their.
Prepositions	on, in, under, between, next to, near, opposite.
Possessive 's	Harry's bag (one owner); the students' chairs (many owners).
Adjectives	Opposites: new / old, cheap / expensive, boring / interesting, fast / slow. Very and really come before the adjective.
this, that	this / these (near), that / those (far).
have got	I have got; she has got; Have you got ...? Yes, I have.
Nationalities	Spain / Spanish, Japan / Japanese, the UK / British. Use a capital letter.
Question words	Where (place), What (thing), Who (person).
Conjunctions	and adds, or gives a choice, but shows a difference.