SainsScience

Print questions onlyCetak soalan sahaja Print with answersCetak dengan skema Print answer key onlyCetak kunci jawapan sahaja Practice shows answers as you go. Exam times you and hides answers until you submit.Latihan menunjukkan jawapan semasa menjawab. Peperiksaan menetapkan masa dan menyembunyikan jawapan sehingga dihantar.

1

QuestionSoalan 1

Ravi meletakkan dua pokok kacang yang sama di dua tempat selama seminggu. Satu pokok di dalam almari yang gelap dan satu lagi di tepi tingkap. Daun pokok di dalam almari berwarna kuning pucat. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah ialah satu inferens?Ravi puts two identical bean plants in two places for a week. One plant is in a dark cupboard and the other is beside a window. The leaves of the plant in the cupboard are pale yellow. Which of the following is an inference?

• ADaun pokok di dalam almari berwarna kuning pucat.The leaves of the plant in the cupboard are pale yellow.
• BDaun pokok di tepi tingkap berwarna hijau.The leaves of the plant beside the window are green.
• CDaun pokok di dalam almari pucat kerana tidak mendapat cahaya matahari.The leaves of the plant in the cupboard are pale because it did not get sunlight.
• DPokok di tepi tingkap lebih tinggi.The plant beside the window is taller.

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C

An inference is an explanation of an observation, so it gives a reason: the plant in the cupboard is pale because it had no sunlight. The other three options only describe what Ravi sees, so they are observations.

For the teacherUntuk guru: UnderstandingMemahami, lowrendah difficultyaras lowrendah, Unit 1, standard 1.1.4

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 6

2

QuestionSoalan 2

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah membentuk sistem saraf pusat?Which of the following make up the central nervous system?

• AOtak dan saraf tunjangThe brain and the spinal cord
• BOtak dan rangkaian sarafThe brain and the network of nerves
• CSaraf tunjang dan rangkaian sarafThe spinal cord and the network of nerves
• DJantung dan otakThe heart and the brain

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A

The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord. The network of nerves in the rest of the body is the peripheral nervous system.

For the teacherUntuk guru: RememberingMengingat, lowrendah difficultyaras lowrendah, Unit 2, standard 2.2.1

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 25

3

QuestionSoalan 3

Burung kuntul sering berdiri berhampiran lembu di padang rumput. Apabila lembu berjalan, serangga terbang keluar dari rumput dan dimakan oleh burung kuntul. Lembu itu tidak terjejas dan tidak mendapat apa-apa faedah. Apakah jenis interaksi ini?Egrets often stand near cattle in a field. When the cattle walk, insects fly out of the grass and the egrets eat them. The cattle are not affected and gain nothing. What type of interaction is this?

• AParasitismeParasitism
• BMutualismeMutualism
• CMangsa-pemangsaPrey-predator
• DKomensalismeCommensalism

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D

The egrets gain food and the cattle are neither helped nor harmed, so this is commensalism. In mutualism both gain, in parasitism one is harmed, and in prey-predator one animal eats the other.

For the teacherUntuk guru: ApplyingMengaplikasi, mediumsederhana difficultyaras mediumsederhana, Unit 4, standard 4.1.3

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 57

4

QuestionSoalan 4

Sebuah feri bergerak dengan kelajuan tetap 18 km/j selama 2 jam 30 minit. Berapakah jarak yang dilalui oleh feri itu?A ferry moves at a steady speed of 18 km/h for 2 hours 30 minutes. What distance does the ferry travel?

• A7.2 km
• B45 km
• C20.5 km
• D2 700 km

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B

2 hours 30 minutes = 2.5 hours. Distance = speed × time = 18 km/h × 2.5 h = 45 km. 2 700 km comes from using 150 minutes without changing it to hours.

For the teacherUntuk guru: ApplyingMengaplikasi, mediumsederhana difficultyaras mediumsederhana, Unit 7, standard 7.1.5

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 121

5

QuestionSoalan 5

Jadual menunjukkan cara empat jenis makanan diawet.

Makanan / Food	Cara pengawetan / How it is preserved
Kepingan ayam / Chicken pieces	Dimasak, dimasukkan ke dalam tin, dimeterai dan dipanaskan / Cooked, put in a can, sealed and heated
Hirisan mangga / Mango slices	Direndam dalam cuka / Soaked in vinegar
Susu / Milk	Dipanaskan pada 72 °C selama 15 saat dan disejukkan dengan cepat / Heated at 72 °C for 15 seconds and cooled quickly
Ikan / Fish	Ditimbuni garam / Covered with salt

Makanan manakah yang disingkirkan udaranya supaya mikroorganisma tidak boleh bertumbuh?The table shows how four foods are preserved. Which food has its air removed so that microorganisms cannot grow?

• AKepingan ayamChicken pieces
• BHirisan manggaMango slices
• CSusuMilk
• DIkanFish

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A

Canned food is sealed airtight, so no air reaches the microorganisms. Vinegar changes the acidity, pasteurising uses heat and then cooling, and salt removes water.

For the teacherUntuk guru: AnalysingMenganalisis, mediumsederhana difficultyaras mediumsederhana, Unit 8, standard 8.2.2

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 132

6

QuestionSoalan 6

Tong kitar semula berwarna apakah yang digunakan untuk tin minuman aluminium dan botol plastik?What colour of recycling bin is used for aluminium drink cans and plastic bottles?

• ABiruBlue
• BPerangBrown
• CJinggaOrange
• DHijauGreen

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C

The orange bin is for aluminium, steel and plastic. The blue bin is for paper and the brown bin is for glass.

For the teacherUntuk guru: RememberingMengingat, lowrendah difficultyaras lowrendah, Unit 9, standard 9.1.5

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 159

7

QuestionSoalan 7

Rajah 1 menunjukkan kedudukan Matahari, Bumi dan Bulan dalam satu garis lurus. Bulan berada di sebahagian umbra bayang-bayang Bumi. Apakah yang dilihat dari Bumi?Diagram 1 shows the Sun, Earth and Moon in a straight line. The Moon is partly inside the umbra of the shadow of Earth. What is seen from Earth?

• AGerhana Matahari penuhA total eclipse of the Sun
• BGerhana Matahari separaA partial eclipse of the Sun
• CGerhana Bulan penuhA total eclipse of the Moon
• DGerhana Bulan separaA partial eclipse of the Moon

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D

Earth is between the Sun and the Moon, so this is an eclipse of the Moon. Only part of the Moon is inside the umbra, so the eclipse is partial. It would be total only if the whole Moon were inside the umbra.

For the teacherUntuk guru: AnalysingMenganalisis, mediumsederhana difficultyaras mediumsederhana, Unit 10, standard 10.1.3

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 172

8

QuestionSoalan 8

Pernyataan manakah tentang galaksi Bima Sakti yang betul?Which statement about the Milky Way galaxy is correct?

• AGalaksi Bima Sakti berbentuk elips tanpa lengan.The Milky Way is an elliptical galaxy with no arms.
• BMatahari ialah salah satu bintang dalam galaksi Bima Sakti.The Sun is one of the stars in the Milky Way.
• CSistem Suria berada di tengah-tengah galaksi Bima Sakti.The Solar System is at the centre of the Milky Way.
• DGalaksi Bima Sakti ialah satu-satunya galaksi di alam semesta.The Milky Way is the only galaxy in the universe.

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B

The Sun is a star, and it is one of the millions of stars in the Milky Way. The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy, the Solar System is at the edge of one of its arms, and there are billions of galaxies in the universe.

For the teacherUntuk guru: RememberingMengingat, lowrendah difficultyaras lowrendah, Unit 11, standard 11.1.2

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 183

9

QuestionSoalan 9

Aina mengisi bahagian bawah sebuah botol plastik yang tinggi dengan pasir. Botol itu menjadi lebih sukar ditolak sehingga jatuh berbanding botol kosong yang sama. Mengapakah botol itu lebih stabil?Aina fills the bottom of a tall plastic bottle with sand. The bottle is harder to knock over than the same empty bottle. Why is the bottle more stable?

• ABotol itu menjadi lebih tinggi.The bottle becomes taller.
• BLuas tapak botol menjadi lebih kecil.The base area of the bottle becomes smaller.
• CPusat graviti botol menjadi lebih rendah.The centre of gravity of the bottle becomes lower.
• DBotol itu diperbuat daripada bahan yang lebih kuat.The bottle is made from a stronger material.

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C

The sand makes the bottom heavy, so the centre of gravity is lower. The lower the centre of gravity, the more stable the object. The height, the base area and the plastic do not change.

For the teacherUntuk guru: UnderstandingMemahami, mediumsederhana difficultyaras mediumsederhana, Unit 12, standard 12.1.3

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 195

10

QuestionSoalan 10

Seorang pekebun menggunakan dron untuk menyembur baja di ladang yang luas. Apakah kelebihan menggunakan dron?A farmer uses a drone to spray fertiliser on a large farm. What is the advantage of using a drone?

• AMenjimatkan masa dan bilangan pekerja.It saves time and the number of workers.
• BTidak menggunakan bateri.It does not use a battery.
• CTidak menghasilkan sisa.It never produces waste.
• DTanaman tidak memerlukan air lagi.The crops no longer need water.

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A

A drone covers a large area quickly, so it saves time and human resources. A drone runs on batteries, and thrown-away batteries become waste. Crops still need water.

For the teacherUntuk guru: UnderstandingMemahami, lowrendah difficultyaras lowrendah, Unit 13, standard 13.1.3

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 218

13

QuestionSoalan 13

Hutan Simpan Bukit Damai ialah habitat bagi banyak haiwan. Tenggiling diburu secara haram kerana sisik dan dagingnya. Pada tahun 2018, sebahagian hutan dibersihkan untuk membina lebuh raya. Pegawai hidupan liar mengira bilangan tiga jenis haiwan di hutan itu. Jadual menunjukkan keputusannya.

Haiwan / Animal	2014	2018	2022
Tenggiling / Pangolin	120	84	42
Tapir Malaya / Malayan tapir	60	45	30
Babi hutan / Wild boar	300	310	305

Bukit Damai Forest Reserve is the habitat of many animals. Pangolins are hunted illegally for their scales and meat. In 2018, part of the forest was cleared to build a highway. Wildlife officers count three kinds of animals in the forest. The table shows the results.

[1 markmarkah] (a)Antara tahun 2014 dan 2022, haiwan manakah yang bilangannya berkurang paling banyak?Between 2014 and 2022, which animal had the largest decrease in number?

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• Pangolin (120 − 42 = 78, against 30 for the Malayan tapir)1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (b)Apakah maksud pupus?What does extinct mean?

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• No longer exists on Earth / none of that kind of animal is left alive1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[2 marksmarkah] (c)Nyatakan dua faktor yang mengancam tenggiling di hutan itu.State two factors that threaten the pangolins in the forest.

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• Illegal hunting [1 mark]1
• Destruction of habitat / the forest cleared for a highway [1 mark]1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[2 marksmarkah] (d)Berikan satu contoh pemeliharaan dan satu contoh pemuliharaan untuk melindungi tenggiling.Give one example of preservation and one example of conservation to protect the pangolins.

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• Preservation: enforce laws against hunting / gazette the forest as a reserve / boycott pangolin products / educate the public [1 mark]1
• Conservation: look after rescued pangolins in a conservation centre / replant trees in the cleared area [1 mark]1

Preservation keeps things in their original state (laws, protected areas); conservation returns animals and plants to their natural conditions (centres, replanting).

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (e)Mengapakah penting untuk melindungi tenggiling?Why is it important to protect the pangolins?

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• So that they do not become extinct / so that there are still pangolins for future generations / to keep the balance of nature1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

For the teacherUntuk guru: UnderstandingMemahami, lowrendah difficultyaras lowrendah, Unit 5, standard 5.1.5

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 72

14

QuestionSoalan 14

Encik Zaid jatuh dari tangga dan saraf di kaki kirinya rosak. Doktor berkata otak dan saraf tunjangnya tidak cedera. Sekarang dia sukar berjalan lurus dan kakinya kadangkala tidak terasa apa-apa.Encik Zaid falls from a ladder and the nerves in his left leg are damaged. The doctor says his brain and spinal cord are not hurt. Now he finds it hard to walk straight and sometimes he feels nothing in his leg.

[1 markmarkah] (a)Namakan bahagian sistem saraf yang rosak.Name the part of the nervous system that is damaged.

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• Peripheral nervous system1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (b)Nyatakan fungsi bahagian itu.State the function of that part.

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• It carries signals from the body to the central nervous system and commands from the central nervous system to the body1

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[1 markmarkah] (c)Namakan satu contoh tindakan refleks.Name one example of a reflex action.

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• Any one: pulling the hand away from a hot object / blinking when dust enters the eye / pulling the foot away from a sharp object / coughing or sneezing1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (d)Encik Zaid memijak paku yang tajam dengan kaki kirinya. Ramalkan apa yang berlaku kepada tindak balasnya dan berikan satu sebab.Encik Zaid steps on a sharp nail with his left foot. Predict what happens to his response and give one reason.

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• He feels the pain late or not at all, or he cannot pull his foot away quickly, because the signal cannot travel along the damaged nerves1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (e)Nyatakan satu cara untuk menjaga sistem saraf.State one way to take care of the nervous system.

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• Any one: eat a balanced diet / avoid alcoholic drinks / sleep seven to eight hours a day / wear a helmet or protective gear / keep a good posture1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

For the teacherUntuk guru: UnderstandingMemahami, lowrendah difficultyaras lowrendah, Unit 2, standard 2.2.4

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 25

15

QuestionSoalan 15

Pak Hasan ialah seorang guru yang telah bersara dan gemar mencipta. Dia membuat sebuah mesin telegraf ringkas supaya cucu-cucunya dapat menghantar mesej dalam kod Morse dari satu bilik ke bilik yang lain. Rajah 2 menunjukkan litar mesin telegraf itu. Rajah 3 menunjukkan garis masa kaedah manusia berhubung yang dilukis oleh Pak Hasan.Pak Hasan is a retired teacher who loves to invent things. He makes a simple telegraph machine so that his grandchildren can send messages in Morse code from one room to another. Diagram 2 shows the circuit of the telegraph machine. Diagram 3 shows the timeline of the ways people communicate that Pak Hasan drew.

[2 marksmarkah] (a)Namakan bahagian P dan bahagian Q dalam Rajah 2.Name part P and part Q in Diagram 2.

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• P: switch [1 mark]1
• Q: buzzer [1 mark]1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (b)Bagaimanakah cucu Pak Hasan menghasilkan bunyi bip yang panjang untuk garis dalam kod Morse?How does Pak Hasan's grandchild make a long buzz for a line in Morse code?

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• Press the switch and hold it for a longer time (a short press gives a short buzz, a dot)1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (c)Berdasarkan Rajah 3, berapa tahunkah telefon dicipta selepas telegraf?Based on Diagram 3, how many years after the telegraph was the telephone invented?

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• 1876 − 1844 = 32 years1

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[1 markmarkah] (d)Telefon membantu manusia mengatasi satu batasan. Apakah batasan itu?The telephone helps humans to overcome a limitation. What is the limitation?

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• Humans cannot talk to people who are far away1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[2 marksmarkah] (e)Nyatakan satu kelebihan telefon mudah alih berbanding mesin telegraf dan satu keburukan telefon mudah alih.State one advantage of a mobile phone over the telegraph machine and one disadvantage of a mobile phone.

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• Advantage: we can carry it and talk or send a message at once from almost anywhere / it can send voice, pictures and video [1 mark]1
• Disadvantage: personal data can be stolen or misused / old phones and batteries become e-waste / using it too long can harm health [1 mark]1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (f)Mengapakah manusia terus mencipta teknologi baharu?Why do humans keep inventing new technology?

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• To solve new problems / to overcome human limitations / to reduce the bad effects of old technology so that life is more comfortable1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[2 marksmarkah] (g)Sebuah kampung di tepi sungai kerap dilanda banjir pada waktu malam. Cadangkan satu teknologi baharu untuk memberi amaran awal kepada penduduk dan terangkan bagaimana teknologi itu membantu mereka.A village beside a river is often flooded at night. Suggest one new technology to warn the villagers early and explain how it helps them.

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• A suitable technology, e.g. a water-level sensor with an alarm / a flood warning siren / a mobile phone alert system [1 mark]1
• Explanation: it warns the villagers before the water rises, so they have time to move to safety [1 mark]1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

For the teacherUntuk guru: ApplyingMengaplikasi, mediumsederhana difficultyaras mediumsederhana, Unit 13, standard 13.1.2

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 220

16

QuestionSoalan 16

Tiga buah kenderaan bergerak dengan kelajuan tetap di tiga jalan yang berlainan. Jadual 1 menunjukkan jarak yang dilalui dan masa yang diambil oleh setiap kenderaan.

Kenderaan / Vehicle	Jarak / Distance (km)	Masa / Time (minit / minutes)
Bas / Bus	120	90
Kereta / Car	150	120
Motosikal / Motorcycle	45	30

Three vehicles travel at a steady speed on three different roads. Table 1 shows the distance travelled and the time taken by each vehicle.

[1 markmarkah] (a)Tukarkan masa bas, 90 minit, kepada jam.Change the time of the bus, 90 minutes, to hours.

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• 90 ÷ 60 = 1.5 hours1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (b)Hitung kelajuan bas dalam km/j.Calculate the speed of the bus in km/h.

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• 120 ÷ 1.5 = 80 km/h (number and unit)1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[2 marksmarkah] (c)Hitung kelajuan kereta dalam km/j.Calculate the speed of the car in km/h.

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• 120 minutes = 2 hours [1 mark]1
• 150 ÷ 2 = 75 km/h [1 mark]1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[2 marksmarkah] (d)Lengkapkan Jadual 2 untuk menunjukkan kenderaan itu mengikut urutan dari yang paling laju kepada yang paling perlahan, bersama kelajuannya.

Kedudukan / Position	Kenderaan / Vehicle	Kelajuan / Speed (km/j)
Paling laju / Fastest
Kedua / Second
Paling perlahan / Slowest

Complete Table 2 to show the vehicles in order from the fastest to the slowest, with their speeds.

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• Correct order: motorcycle, bus, car [1 mark]1
• Correct speeds: motorcycle 90 km/h (45 ÷ 0.5), bus 80 km/h, car 75 km/h [1 mark]1

30 minutes = 0.5 hour, so the motorcycle speed is 45 ÷ 0.5 = 90 km/h. The motorcycle is fastest even though it travelled the shortest distance.

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[2 marksmarkah] (e)Motosikal itu terus bergerak dengan kelajuan yang sama selama 20 minit. Berapakah jarak yang dilaluinya dalam km?The motorcycle keeps moving at the same speed for 20 minutes. What distance does it travel, in km?

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• 20 minutes = 1/3 hour (or 90 km in 60 minutes, so 90 ÷ 3) [1 mark]1
• 90 × 1/3 = 30 km [1 mark]1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (f)Tulis definisi secara operasi bagi kelajuan berdasarkan jadual ini.Write an operational definition of speed based on this table.

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• Speed is the distance a vehicle travels in each hour (or the distance travelled divided by the time taken, in km/h)1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

[1 markmarkah] (g)Ali berkata, "Kereta ialah kenderaan yang paling laju kerana kereta melalui jarak yang paling jauh." Adakah anda setuju? Berikan satu sebab.Ali says, "The car is the fastest vehicle because it travels the longest distance." Do you agree? Give one reason.

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• No. Speed depends on both the distance and the time. The car's speed, 75 km/h, is the lowest of the three, so it is the slowest1

Tick each point you got.Tandakan setiap isi yang betul.

For the teacherUntuk guru: EvaluatingMenilai, hightinggi difficultyaras hightinggi, Unit 7, standard 7.1.5

TextbookBuku teks p.ms. 121

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