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Practice paper, not an official KPM paper
55
Ujian Akhir Sesi AkademikEnd of Academic Session Test

SainsScience

Tingkatan 1, 2 jam / 2 hours, 100 marks
Nama / Name
Kelas / Class
  1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.
  2. Jawab semua soalan.Answer all questions.
  3. Bahagian A: pilih satu jawapan bagi setiap soalan.Section A: choose one answer for each question.
  4. Bahagian B dan C: tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan. Tunjukkan jalan kerja jika perlu.Sections B and C: write your answers in the spaces provided. Show your working where it helps.
  5. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.The diagrams in this paper are not drawn to scale unless stated.
  6. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik.You may use a scientific calculator.

Bahagian ASection A

20 marks
[20 markah] Jawab semua soalan. Setiap soalan diikuti oleh empat pilihan jawapan, A, B, C dan D. Pilih satu jawapan sahaja.[20 marks] Answer all questions. Each question is followed by four options, A, B, C and D. Choose one answer only.
1
Seorang ahli farmakologi mengkaji cara ubat-ubatan bertindak balas dalam badan pesakit. Farmakologi ialah contoh bagi bidang sains yang manakah?A pharmacologist studies how medicines react in a patient's body. Pharmacology is an example of which field of science?
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C
The textbook's tree map (Figure 1.2) lists pharmacology, forensics and toxicology as examples of chemistry, the study of matter and its reactions.
RememberingLowChapter 11.1Textbook p. 6
2
Seorang doktor memberikan 250 mg ubat kepada seorang atlet yang demam. Berapakah jisim ubat itu dalam gram?A doctor gives 250 mg of medicine to an athlete who has a fever. What is the mass of the medicine in grams?
Show answerHide answer
B
milli = 0.001, so 250 mg = 250 × 0.001 g = 0.25 g.
ApplyingLowChapter 11.3Textbook p. 16
3
Rajah 1 menunjukkan skala angkup vernier yang digunakan untuk mengukur diameter sebiji tablet vitamin. Berapakah diameter tablet itu?Diagram 1 shows the scale of a pair of vernier calipers used to measure the diameter of a vitamin tablet. What is the diameter of the tablet?
Vernier calipers scale: the vernier zero is just past 1.3 cm and the 6th vernier line coincides with a main scale line
Rajah 1Diagram 1
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D
Main scale reading before the vernier zero = 1.3 cm. The 6th vernier line coincides with a main scale line, so add 6 × 0.01 = 0.06 cm. Diameter = 1.36 cm.
ApplyingMediumChapter 11.4Textbook p. 22
4
Jantung seorang pelari terdiri daripada tisu otot, tisu saraf dan tisu epitelium yang bekerjasama untuk mengepam darah. Pada aras organisasi sel yang manakah jantung berada?The heart of a runner is made up of muscle tissue, nerve tissue and epithelial tissue that work together to pump blood. At which level of cell organisation is the heart?
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B
Different tissues that work together to carry out a specific function form an organ (cell → tissue → organ → system → organism).
RememberingLowChapter 22.1Textbook p. 56
5
Sel-sel otot kaki seorang pelari maraton memerlukan banyak tenaga. Di manakah respirasi sel berlaku untuk membebaskan tenaga ini?The leg muscle cells of a marathon runner need a lot of energy. Where does cell respiration take place to release this energy?
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A
Cell respiration occurs in the mitochondria (Table 2.1); chloroplasts are found only in plant cells and carry out photosynthesis.
UnderstandingLowChapter 22.2Textbook p. 64
6
Selepas perlumbaan, Daniel minum terlalu banyak air. Kandungan air dalam badannya meningkat melebihi aras normal. Apakah mekanisme pembetulan yang berlaku?After a race, Daniel drinks too much water. The water content of his body rises above the normal level. What is the corrective mechanism that takes place?
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C
The brain detects the increase and stimulates the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys increase urine production (Figure 3.2). Feeling thirsty and less urine happen when water content falls.
UnderstandingLowChapter 33.1Textbook p. 74
7
Suhu badan seorang pesakit demam meningkat kepada 39 °C. Mengapakah suhu badannya perlu dipantau dengan rapi?The body temperature of a patient with fever rises to 39 °C. Why must her body temperature be monitored closely?
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A
Normal body temperature is 37 °C so that chemical reactions work efficiently. If it does not return to the normal range, body cells cannot function efficiently, and a rise of more than 6 °C can cause death.
UnderstandingLowChapter 33.1Textbook p. 71
8
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan penempelan?What is meant by implantation?
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D
After fertilisation the zygote divides into a ball of cells (embryo), which is implanted on the uterine wall. A is fertilisation, B is ovulation, C is menstruation.
RememberingLowChapter 44.4Textbook p. 108
9
Seorang wanita hamil dinasihatkan supaya memakan hati, daging merah dan ikan. Apakah nutrien utama dalam makanan ini dan fungsinya?A pregnant woman is advised to eat liver, red meat and fish. What is the main nutrient in these foods and its function?
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B
Figure 4.21: iron (liver, red meat, fish) is needed to form haemoglobin in red blood cells and prevents anaemia.
UnderstandingLowChapter 44.5Textbook p. 112
10
Rajah 2 menunjukkan empat susunan radas, P, Q, R dan S, untuk mengkaji syarat percambahan biji benih kacang hijau.
Tabung
Tube		Keadaan
Condition
PKapas lembap, 28 °C
Wet cotton wool, 28 °C
QKapas kering, 28 °C
Dry cotton wool, 28 °C
RAir didih yang disejukkan dengan lapisan minyak, 28 °C
Boiled and cooled water with a layer of oil, 28 °C
SKapas lembap, dalam peti sejuk 4 °C
Wet cotton wool, in a refrigerator at 4 °C
Pasangan tabung manakah yang menunjukkan bahawa air diperlukan untuk percambahan?Diagram 2 shows four set-ups, P, Q, R and S, to study the conditions for the germination of green bean seeds. Which pair of tubes shows that water is needed for germination?
Four boiling tubes P, Q, R and S with green bean seeds
Rajah 2Diagram 2
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D
P and Q differ only in the presence of water (both have air and a suitable temperature). Only P germinates. P and R test air; P and S test a suitable temperature.
AnalysingMediumChapter 44.7Textbook p. 129
11
Seorang pemain bola sepak menyapu minyak urut pada kakinya di dalam bilik persalinan. Baunya tersebar ke seluruh bilik dengan lebih cepat pada hari yang panas. Mengapa?A footballer rubs some liniment on his leg in the changing room. Its smell spreads through the room faster on a hot day. Why?
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B
The smell spreads by diffusion. When heat is supplied, particles gain kinetic energy and move faster, so diffusion is faster.
UnderstandingLowChapter 55.2Textbook p. 148
12
Peluh pada kulit seorang pemain badminton tersejat selepas perlawanan. Pernyataan manakah yang betul tentang proses ini?The sweat on a badminton player's skin evaporates after a match. Which statement about this process is correct?
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C
Evaporation occurs at any temperature; the liquid absorbs heat from the surroundings (the skin), so the skin is cooled.
ApplyingMediumChapter 55.2Textbook p. 153
13
Larutan salin untuk pesakit di hospital disediakan dengan melarutkan natrium klorida di dalam air suling. Pernyataan manakah yang betul?Saline solution for patients in a hospital is prepared by dissolving sodium chloride in distilled water. Which statement is correct?
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D
A mixture consists of two or more elements or compounds mixed physically. Sodium chloride and water are both compounds.
UnderstandingLowChapter 66.2Textbook p. 176
14
Sampel air kencing seorang atlet diuji untuk mengesan dadah yang diharamkan. Kaedah pengasingan manakah yang digunakan?A urine sample from an athlete is tested to detect banned drugs. Which separation method is used?
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A
Chromatography separates small amounts of mixtures; the textbook gives testing athletes' urine for drugs as an example.
ApplyingLowChapter 66.2Textbook p. 183
15
Minyak masak di dalam kuali di kantin sekolah terbakar. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah paling sesuai digunakan untuk memadamkan api itu?Cooking oil in a wok at the school canteen catches fire. Which of the following is the most suitable to use to put out the fire?
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C
Table 7.1: burning liquids (oil, varnish, paint) are put out with foam, dry powder or carbon dioxide. Water is denser than oil and sinks below it, so the fire is not put out. A fan blows in more oxygen and makes the fire bigger.
ApplyingLowChapter 77.2Textbook p. 206
16
Pekerja yang merobohkan sebuah bangunan lama tersedut sejenis zarah daripada bumbung lama. Zarah ini boleh menyebabkan kanser peparu. Apakah zarah itu?Workers demolishing an old building breathe in a type of particle from the old roof. These particles can cause lung cancer. What are the particles?
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D
Figure 7.13(a): asbestos particles can cause lung cancer. Lead causes intellectual disability in children; CFCs thin the ozone layer.
RememberingLowChapter 77.3Textbook p. 210
17
Semasa latihan bola sepak pada waktu petang, bayang-bayang pemain kelihatan di atas padang. Sifat cahaya manakah yang menyebabkan bayang-bayang terbentuk?During football training in the evening, the players' shadows can be seen on the field. Which property of light causes shadows to form?
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A
Light travels in straight lines; the player's body is opaque and blocks the light, so a shadow forms behind it.
UnderstandingLowChapter 88.2Textbook p. 229
18
Aiman berjoging di taman pada waktu senja dan melihat langit berwarna kemerahan. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah menerangkan pemerhatian ini?Aiman jogs in the park at sunset and sees that the sky is reddish. Which of the following explains this observation?
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B
At sunset the Sun is at the horizon; red and orange light are scattered less and pass through the atmosphere to the eyes, while blue light is scattered away.
UnderstandingMediumChapter 88.6Textbook p. 240
19
Dalam lapisan atmosfera yang manakah kita bernafas, angin bertiup dan hujan terbentuk?In which layer of the atmosphere do we breathe, does wind blow and does rain form?
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C
The troposphere (0–13 km) is the layer where living things breathe, wind blows and clouds, rain and snow form.
RememberingLowChapter 99.1Textbook p. 257
20
Arang batu digunakan sebagai bahan api. Bagaimanakah arang batu terbentuk?Coal is used as a fuel. How is coal formed?
Show answerHide answer
A
Figure 9.14: plant remains buried under sediment and mud slowly turn into coal under high pressure and heat over millions of years.
UnderstandingLowChapter 99.6Textbook p. 271

Bahagian BSection B

20 marks
[20 markah] Jawab semua soalan.[20 marks] Answer all questions.
21
Rajah 3 menunjukkan pandangan hadapan sistem pembiakan lelaki.Diagram 3 shows the front view of the male reproductive system.
Front view of the male reproductive system with two parts labelled P and Q
Rajah 3Diagram 3
[1 mark] (a)Namakan struktur P.Name structure P.
Show answerHide answer
Seminal vesicle
P points to the small sac beside the bladder: the seminal vesicle, which secretes nutritional fluid for the sperms.
[1 mark] (b)Apakah fungsi struktur Q?What is the function of structure Q?
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A channel to discharge sperms and urine from the body
Q is the urethra.
[1 mark] (c)Benar atau Palsu: Semasa akil baligh, peti suara (larinks) lelaki membesar dan suaranya menjadi garau.True or False: During puberty, a boy's larynx enlarges and his voice becomes deeper.
Show answerHide answer
True
[1 mark] (d)Benar atau Palsu: Lelaki biasanya mencapai akil baligh lebih awal daripada perempuan.True or False: Boys usually reach puberty earlier than girls.
Show answerHide answer
False
Girls reach puberty at about 10–12 years old, boys at about 14–17 (p. 101).
RememberingLowChapter 44.2Textbook p. 98
22
Pilih kaedah pengasingan yang paling sesuai bagi setiap situasi yang berikut.Choose the most suitable separation method for each of the following situations.
[1 mark] (a)Sebuah kilang bijirin sarapan memastikan tiada zarah besi tercampur dalam produknya.A breakfast cereal factory makes sure that no iron particles are mixed into its product.
Show answerHide answer
Separation using a magnet
Iron is magnetic; food industries use magnet separators (p. 180).
[1 mark] (b)Air wangi dihasilkan daripada kelopak bunga ros yang dididihkan dengan air.Fragrant water is produced from rose petals boiled with water.
Show answerHide answer
Distillation
Figure 6.22: perfume is produced through distillation.
[1 mark] (c)Air berkelodak dari sebuah perigi dibiarkan seketika supaya pasir terenap di dasar baldi sebelum air jernih dituang keluar.Muddy water from a well is left for a while so that the sand settles at the bottom of the bucket before the clear water is poured out.
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Sedimentation
Sand is insoluble and denser than water, so it settles; the clear water is poured off.
[1 mark] (d)Air boleh diuraikan kepada hidrogen dan oksigen hanya melalui elektrolisis. Oleh itu, air ialahWater can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen only by electrolysis. Therefore, water is
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A compound
A compound can only be separated chemically (electrolysis) because its elements are bonded chemically (p. 187).
ApplyingLowChapter 66.2Textbook p. 180
23
Rajah 4 menunjukkan cahaya merah, hijau dan biru disinarkan pada sebuah skrin putih di dalam bilik gelap semasa persembahan sukan.Diagram 4 shows red, green and blue lights shone on a white screen in a dark room during a sports show.
Three overlapping circles of red, green and blue light; P is where red and green overlap, Q is where green and blue overlap
Rajah 4Diagram 4
[1 mark] (a)Apakah warna yang dilihat di kawasan P?What colour is seen in region P?
Show answerHide answer
Yellow
Red + green = yellow.
[1 mark] (b)Apakah warna yang dilihat di kawasan Q?What colour is seen in region Q?
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Cyan
Green + blue = cyan.
[1 mark] (c)Seorang pemain memakai jersi merah berdiri di bawah lampu sorot hijau sahaja. Apakah warna jersinya yang dilihat oleh penonton?A player wearing a red jersey stands under a green spotlight only. What colour does his jersey appear to the audience?
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Black
A red object reflects only red light. It absorbs the green light, so no light is reflected and it appears black.
[1 mark] (d)Seorang pemain lain memakai jersi kuning berdiri di bawah lampu sorot merah sahaja. Apakah warna jersinya yang dilihat?Another player wearing a yellow jersey stands under a red spotlight only. What colour does her jersey appear?
Show answerHide answer
Red
A yellow object reflects yellow, red and green light. Only red light falls on it, so it reflects red and appears red.
ApplyingMediumChapter 88.7Textbook p. 241
24
Rajah 5 menunjukkan ubat batuk di dalam sebuah silinder penyukat. X, Y dan Z ialah tiga kedudukan mata semasa mengambil bacaan.Diagram 5 shows some cough syrup in a measuring cylinder. X, Y and Z are three positions of the eye when taking the reading.
Measuring cylinder up to 50 ml with liquid; three eyes X, Y and Z at different heights
Rajah 5Diagram 5
[1 mark] (a)Berapakah isi padu ubat batuk itu?What is the volume of the cough syrup?
Show answerHide answer
36 ml
Read at the bottom of the meniscus: 36 ml (1 ml per small division).
[1 mark] (b)Kedudukan mata yang manakah betul untuk mengelakkan ralat paralaks?Which eye position is correct to avoid parallax error?
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Y
The eye must be perpendicular to the scale, level with the bottom of the meniscus.
[1 mark] (c)Apakah unit S.I. bagi jisim seorang atlet?What is the S.I. unit for the mass of an athlete?
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Kilogram
[1 mark] (d)Seorang murid merekodkan bacaan sebenar yang diperoleh walaupun bacaan itu berbeza daripada jangkaannya. Sikap saintifik manakah yang diamalkan?A student records the actual reading he obtains even though it is different from what he expected. Which scientific attitude is he practising?
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Honest and accurate in recording data
ApplyingLowChapter 11.4Textbook p. 21
25
Badan manusia dan hidupan lain menjalankan homeostasis apabila suhu persekitaran berubah.The human body and other living things carry out homeostasis when the surrounding temperature changes.
[1 mark] (a)Seorang pendaki menggigil di puncak gunung yang sejuk. Menggigil berlaku apabila suhu badanA climber shivers at the top of a cold mountain. Shivering happens when the body temperature
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Decreases
Skeletal muscles contract and relax actively (shivering) to raise body temperature on a cold day.
[1 mark] (b)Salur darah di bawah kulit seorang pelari mengembang. Hal ini berlaku apabila suhu badanThe blood vessels under the skin of a runner dilate. This happens when the body temperature
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Increases
Blood vessels dilate so more blood flows close to the skin to lose heat.
[1 mark] (c)Benar atau Palsu: Dalam persekitaran yang sejuk, pergerakan seekor cicak menjadi lebih perlahan.True or False: In a cold surrounding, the movements of a lizard become slower.
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True
In a cold surrounding a lizard's metabolism rate decreases and its movements become slower (p. 79).
[1 mark] (d)Benar atau Palsu: Pada suhu yang terlalu tinggi, stoma daun terbuka luas supaya lebih banyak air tersejat.True or False: When the temperature is too high, the stoma of a leaf opens wide so that more water evaporates.
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False
When the temperature is too high, the stoma closes to reduce water loss through transpiration (p. 81).
UnderstandingLowChapter 33.1Textbook p. 75

Bahagian CSection C

60 marks
[60 markah] Jawab semua soalan.[60 marks] Answer all questions.
26
Seorang jurulatih mengeluarkan kiub ais dari peti sejuk beku dan memanaskannya perlahan-lahan. Rajah 6 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bagi ais itu. P, Q dan R ialah tiga peringkat pemanasan.A coach takes some ice cubes from a freezer and heats them slowly. Diagram 6 shows the graph of temperature against time for the ice. P, Q and R are three stages of heating.
Temperature rises from -10 °C to 0 °C in 2 minutes (P), stays at 0 °C from 2 to 8 minutes (Q), then rises to 16 °C at 12 minutes (R)
Rajah 6Diagram 6
[1 mark] (a)Nyatakan keadaan jirim bahan itu semasa peringkat Q.State the state of matter of the substance during stage Q.
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  • Solid and liquid (ice and water together)1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Berdasarkan graf, berapakah takat lebur ais?Based on the graph, what is the melting point of ice?
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  • 0 °C1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (c)Terangkan mengapa suhu tidak berubah semasa peringkat Q walaupun ais terus dipanaskan.Explain why the temperature does not change during stage Q even though the ice is still being heated.
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  • Heat absorbed is used to overcome the forces of attraction between the particles1
  • The kinetic energy of the particles does not increase / heat is not used to raise the temperature1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (d)Bandingkan pergerakan zarah-zarah semasa peringkat P dengan peringkat R.Compare the movement of the particles during stage P with stage R.
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  • P (solid): particles vibrate in fixed positions1
  • R (liquid): particles move freely, slide past and collide with one another1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (e)Buku lali Hakim terseliuh semasa perlawanan bola sepak. Jurulatih meletakkan pek ais pada buku lalinya. Terangkan bagaimana pek ais itu menyejukkan buku lali Hakim.Hakim sprains his ankle during a football match. The coach places an ice pack on his ankle. Explain how the ice pack cools Hakim's ankle.
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  • The ice absorbs heat from the ankle (heat flows from the warmer ankle to the colder ice)1
  • The heat is used to melt the ice, so the temperature of the ankle drops / swelling is reduced1
Tick each point you got.
UnderstandingLowChapter 55.2Textbook p. 154
27
Rajah 7 menunjukkan kitar air berhampiran sebuah kampung. Penduduk kampung mendapatkan air minuman dari sebuah perigi. Sebuah tapak pelupusan sampah terletak di atas bukit berhampiran.Diagram 7 shows the water cycle near a village. The villagers get their drinking water from a well. A landfill is located on a nearby hill.
Water cycle: P evaporation from the sea, Q cloud, R rain, S water seeping from the landfill area into underground water; a well in the village
Rajah 7Diagram 7
[2 marks] (a)Namakan proses P dan proses yang membentuk awan di Q.Name process P and the process that forms the cloud at Q.
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  • P: evaporation1
  • Q: condensation1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Semua air dalam Rajah 7 merupakan sebahagian daripada komponen sistem Bumi yang manakah?All the water in Diagram 7 is part of which component of the Earth system?
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  • Hydrosphere1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (c)Mengapakah jumlah air di Bumi sentiasa tetap?Why does the total amount of water on Earth always stay constant?
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  • The water cycle is continuous: water is evaporated, condensed and returned as rain again and again1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (d)Ramai penduduk kampung mengalami sakit perut selepas meminum air perigi. Berdasarkan Rajah 7, terangkan bagaimana air perigi itu boleh tercemar.Many villagers get stomach aches after drinking the well water. Based on Diagram 7, explain how the well water could have become polluted.
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  • Rainwater seeps (process S) through the landfill and carries chemical / domestic waste into the ground1
  • The waste pollutes the underground water (aquifer), which flows to and is drawn up by the well1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (e)Ketua kampung mencadangkan agar penduduk hanya perlu memasak air perigi itu sebelum diminum. Adakah cadangan ini mencukupi? Wajarkan jawapan anda.The village head suggests that the villagers only need to boil the well water before drinking it. Is this suggestion enough? Justify your answer.
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  • Not enough: boiling kills microorganisms but does not remove chemicals from the landfill1
  • The landfill should be moved / properly managed, or the village should use a clean (treated, piped) water supply1
Tick each point you got.
UnderstandingLowChapter 99.6Textbook p. 270
28
Sekumpulan murid menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan keamatan cahaya terhadap kadar fotosintesis. Tumbuhan akuatik Hydrilla sp. diletakkan di bawah corong di dalam bikar berisi air seperti dalam Rajah 8. Sebuah lampu diletakkan pada jarak d yang berbeza dari bikar, dan bilangan gelembung gas X yang dibebaskan dalam satu minit dikira. Keputusan ditunjukkan dalam jadual.
Jarak lampu, d (cm)
Distance of lamp, d (cm)		1020304050
Bilangan gelembung seminit
Number of bubbles per minute		403224168
A group of pupils carries out an experiment to study the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis. A water plant, Hydrilla sp., is placed under a funnel in a beaker of water as in Diagram 8. A lamp is placed at different distances, d, from the beaker, and the number of bubbles of gas X released in one minute is counted. The results are shown in the table.
Lamp at distance d from a beaker of water containing Hydrilla under an inverted funnel and test tube collecting gas X
Rajah 8Diagram 8
[1 mark] (a)Namakan gas X.Name gas X.
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  • Oxygen1
Tick each point you got.
[3 marks] (b)Nyatakan pemboleh ubah yang berikut dalam eksperimen ini.
(i) Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan
(ii) Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas
(iii) Pemboleh ubah dimalarkanState the following variables in this experiment.
(i) Manipulated variable
(ii) Responding variable
(iii) Constant variable
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  • (i) Distance of the lamp from the beaker / light intensity1
  • (ii) Number of gas bubbles released per minute / rate of photosynthesis1
  • (iii) Type / size of Hydrilla, volume of water, temperature of water (any one)1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (c)Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.State a hypothesis for this experiment.
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  • The nearer the lamp (the higher the light intensity), the more gas bubbles are released per minute / the higher the rate of photosynthesis1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (d)Ramalkan bilangan gelembung seminit jika lampu diletakkan 25 cm dari bikar.Predict the number of bubbles per minute if the lamp is placed 25 cm from the beaker.
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  • 28 bubbles per minute (accept 27–29)1
The number falls by 8 for every 10 cm, i.e. 0.8 per cm. At 25 cm: 40 − 0.8 × 15 = 28.
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (e)Berikan definisi secara operasi bagi kadar fotosintesis dalam eksperimen ini.Give the operational definition of the rate of photosynthesis in this experiment.
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  • The number of gas bubbles released by the Hydrilla in one minute1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (f)Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga dalam eksperimen ini.State one precaution in this experiment.
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  • Count the bubbles over the same time (one minute) for each distance / repeat the count three times and take the average / carry it out in a dark room so only the lamp gives light1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (g)Seorang atlet berlatih di sebuah taman yang mempunyai banyak pokok. Terangkan bagaimana fotosintesis oleh pokok-pokok dan respirasi sel dalam sel otot atlet itu saling melengkapi.An athlete trains in a park with many trees. Explain how photosynthesis by the trees and cell respiration in the athlete's muscle cells complement each other.
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  • Trees release oxygen (and glucose) by photosynthesis, which the muscle cells use in cell respiration to release energy1
  • Muscle cells release carbon dioxide (and water) in cell respiration, which the trees use for photosynthesis1
Tick each point you got.
AnalysingMediumChapter 22.2Textbook p. 64
29
Rajah 9 menunjukkan bacaan Indeks Pencemaran Udara (IPU) di sebuah bandar semasa musim jerebu. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan bilangan murid yang dihantar ke bilik rawatan sekolah kerana sesak nafas dan klasifikasi IPU.
Hari / DayIsnin
Monday		Selasa
Tuesday		Rabu
Wednesday		Khamis
Thursday		Jumaat
Friday
Bilangan murid
Number of pupils		2411199
IPU / API0–5051–100101–200201–300>300
Tahap
Level		Baik
Good		Sederhana
Moderate		Tidak sihat
Unhealthy		Sangat tidak sihat
Very unhealthy		Berbahaya
Hazardous
Diagram 9 shows the Air Pollutant Index (API) readings in a town during the haze season. The tables show the number of pupils sent to the school sick bay with breathing problems, and the API classification.
Bar chart of API: Monday 45, Tuesday 90, Wednesday 160, Thursday 240, Friday 130
Rajah 9Diagram 9
[1 mark] (a)Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan pencemaran udara?What is meant by air pollution?
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  • The presence of pollutants in the air that bring harm or discomfort to living things and destroy the environment1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Pada hari manakah tahap pencemaran udara sangat tidak sihat?On which day was the level of air pollution very unhealthy?
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  • Thursday (API 240)1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (c)Nyatakan hubungan antara bacaan IPU dengan bilangan murid yang sesak nafas. Terangkan jawapan anda.State the relationship between the API reading and the number of pupils with breathing problems. Explain your answer.
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  • The higher the API, the more pupils have breathing problems1
  • Smoke, dust and soot in the haze enter the lungs / cause breathing problems1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (d)Nyatakan dua punca bahan pencemar yang menyebabkan jerebu.State two sources of the pollutants that cause haze.
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Any 2 points
  • Open burning1
  • Forest fires1
  • Exhaust of vehicles1
  • Smoke from factories1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (e)Sekolah merancang untuk mengadakan hari sukan di padang pada hari Khamis. Adakah anda bersetuju? Wajarkan jawapan anda.The school plans to hold its sports day on the field on Thursday. Do you agree? Justify your answer.
Show answerHide answer
  • Disagree: the API on Thursday is very unhealthy (240)1
  • Pupils breathe faster and deeper during sports, so they take in more pollutants and may get breathing problems / postpone it or hold it indoors1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (f)Pada hari Jumaat, kebakaran semak yang kecil berlaku di tepi padang sekolah. Seorang guru menutup api itu dengan karung basah. Terangkan bagaimana tindakan ini memadamkan api.On Friday, a small bush fire starts at the edge of the school field. A teacher covers the fire with wet sacks. Explain how this puts out the fire.
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  • Combustion needs fuel, oxygen and heat; removing one condition stops it1
  • The wet sacks cut off the supply of oxygen (air) to the fuel / also cool the burning material1
Tick each point you got.
AnalysingMediumChapter 77.3Textbook p. 195
30
Seorang murid mengayuh basikal senaman selama 20 minit di dalam bilik pada suhu yang berbeza. Jisim badannya ditimbang sebelum dan selepas setiap kayuhan untuk mengira jisim yang hilang melalui peluh. Rajah 10 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen itu.A pupil cycles on an exercise bike for 20 minutes in a room at different temperatures. His body mass is weighed before and after each ride to find the mass lost through sweat. Diagram 10 shows the results of the experiment.
Straight line graph: mass lost 150 g at 20 °C, 250 g at 24 °C, 350 g at 28 °C, 450 g at 32 °C, 550 g at 36 °C
Rajah 10Diagram 10
[3 marks] (a)Nyatakan pemboleh ubah yang berikut.
(i) Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan
(ii) Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas
(iii) Pemboleh ubah dimalarkanState the following variables.
(i) Manipulated variable
(ii) Responding variable
(iii) Constant variable
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  • (i) Room (surrounding) temperature1
  • (ii) Mass lost through sweat1
  • (iii) Time of cycling (20 minutes) / the same pupil / cycling speed (any one)1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.State a hypothesis for this experiment.
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  • The higher the room temperature, the more mass is lost through sweat1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (c)Berdasarkan Rajah 10, berapakah jisim yang hilang pada suhu bilik 30 °C?Based on Diagram 10, what is the mass lost at a room temperature of 30 °C?
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  • 400 g1
The line rises by 100 g for every 4 °C (25 g per °C): 150 + 25 × 10 = 400 g.
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (d)Jisim badan murid itu berkurang selepas mengayuh. Berikan satu inferens.The pupil's body mass decreases after cycling. Give one inference.
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  • Water is lost from the body as sweat (sweat evaporates from the skin)1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (e)Terangkan bagaimana berpeluh membantu mengekalkan suhu badan murid itu pada 37 °C.Explain how sweating helps to keep the pupil's body temperature at 37 °C.
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  • Sweat glands produce more sweat when the body temperature rises1
  • Sweat evaporates and absorbs heat from the skin, so the body is cooled1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (f)Selepas mengayuh pada suhu 36 °C, murid itu menghasilkan kurang air kencing daripada biasa. Terangkan mengapa.After cycling at 36 °C, the pupil produces less urine than usual. Explain why.
Show answerHide answer
  • A lot of water is lost as sweat, so the water content of the body falls; this is detected by the brain1
  • The brain stimulates the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys reduce urine production (and he feels thirsty)1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (g)Seorang jurulatih menyuruh pemainnya memakai baju sejuk yang tebal semasa berlatih pada waktu tengah hari yang panas supaya mereka 'cepat kurus'. Adakah anda bersetuju dengan jurulatih itu? Wajarkan jawapan anda.A coach tells his players to wear thick jackets during training on a hot afternoon so that they 'lose weight quickly'. Do you agree with the coach? Justify your answer.
Show answerHide answer
  • Disagree: the thick jacket stops sweat from evaporating / heat from being released, so body temperature rises above normal1
  • Body cells cannot function efficiently (can be fatal); the players also lose too much water and become dehydrated; the mass lost is only water1
Tick each point you got.
EvaluatingHighChapter 33.1Textbook p. 76
31
Cahaya digunakan dalam pelbagai situasi kesihatan dan sukan. Rajah 11 menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya daripada lampu suluh seorang jururawat yang mengenai sebuah cermin satah di titik O.Light is used in many health and sports situations. Diagram 11 shows a ray of light from a nurse's torch striking a plane mirror at point O.
Incident ray making 55 degrees with the surface of a plane mirror at point O
Rajah 11Diagram 11
[2 marks] (a)Berdasarkan Rajah 11:
(i) Berapakah sudut tuju?
(ii) Berapakah sudut antara sinar tuju dengan sinar pantulan?Based on Diagram 11:
(i) What is the angle of incidence?
(ii) What is the angle between the incident ray and the reflected ray?
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  • (i) 90° − 55° = 35°1
  • (ii) 35° + 35° = 70° (angle of reflection = angle of incidence)1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (b)Perkataan “AMBULANS” ditulis secara terbalik di hadapan sebuah ambulans. Terangkan sebabnya.The word “AMBULANCE” is written in reverse on the front of an ambulance. Explain why.
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  • The image in a plane (rear-view) mirror is laterally inverted1
  • So drivers in front see the word the right way round in their rear-view mirror and give way1
Tick each point you got.
[3 marks] (c)Seorang jurulatih renang memberi amaran bahawa dasar kolam kelihatan lebih cetek daripada kedalaman sebenar.
(i) Namakan fenomena ini.
(ii) Terangkan bagaimana fenomena ini berlaku.A swimming coach warns that the bottom of the pool looks shallower than its real depth.
(i) Name this phenomenon.
(ii) Explain how this phenomenon happens.
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  • (i) Refraction of light1
  • (ii) Light from the bottom travels from water (denser) into air (less dense) and bends away from the normal1
  • (ii) The eye traces the rays back in straight lines, so the image of the bottom appears higher (shallower)1
Tick each point you got.
[3 marks] (d)Para penonton di barisan belakang tidak dapat melihat perlawanan bola sepak kerana dihalang oleh orang ramai di hadapan mereka. Reka satu alat ringkas menggunakan cermin supaya mereka dapat melihat padang. Terangkan bagaimana alat anda berfungsi. Anda boleh melukis rajah.Spectators in the back row cannot see a football match because the crowd in front blocks their view. Design a simple device using mirrors so that they can see the field. Explain how your device works. You may draw a diagram.
Show answerHide answer
  • A periscope: a long tube / box with two plane mirrors1
  • The two mirrors are parallel, facing each other, each at 45° to the tube; the top opening faces the field, the bottom opening faces the eye1
  • Light from the field is reflected by the top mirror down the tube, then reflected again by the bottom mirror into the eye1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (e)Pengurus sebuah hospital ingin memasang sebuah cermin di selekoh tajam di tempat letak kereta hospital. Cermin satah atau cermin cembung, yang manakah lebih sesuai? Wajarkan pilihan anda.A hospital manager wants to put up a mirror at a sharp bend in the hospital car park. Which is more suitable, a plane mirror or a convex mirror? Justify your choice.
Show answerHide answer
  • Convex mirror1
  • It gives a wider field of view, so drivers can see vehicles / people coming round the bend and avoid accidents1
Tick each point you got.
CreatingHighChapter 88.3Textbook p. 232
Test specification (JSU)
ChapterRememberingUnderstandingApplyingAnalysingEvaluatingCreatingmarks
1. Introduction to Scientific Investigation1 (1)–3 (6)–––7
2. Cell as the Basic Unit of Life1 (1)1 (1)–1 (10)––12
3. Coordination and Response–3 (6)––1 (12)–18
4. Reproduction2 (5)1 (1)–1 (1)––7
5. Matter–2 (9)1 (1)–––10
6. Periodic Table–1 (1)2 (5)–––6
7. Air1 (1)–1 (1)1 (10)––12
8. Light and Optics–2 (2)1 (4)––1 (12)18
9. Earth1 (1)2 (9)––––10
Total6 (9)12 (29)8 (17)3 (21)1 (12)1 (12)100
Each cell shows items (marks).