Practice paper, not an official KPM paper
55
Ujian Akhir Sesi AkademikEnd of Academic Session Test
SainsScience
Tingkatan 2, 2 jam / 2 hours, 100 marks
Nama / Name
Kelas / Class
Tarikh / Date
Markah / Marks: / 100
Instructions
- Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.
- Jawab semua soalan.Answer all questions.
- Bahagian A: pilih satu jawapan bagi setiap soalan.Section A: choose one answer for each question.
- Bahagian B dan C: tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan. Tunjukkan jalan kerja jika perlu.Sections B and C: write your answers in the spaces provided. Show your working where it helps.
- Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.The diagrams in this paper are not drawn to scale unless stated.
- Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik.You may use a scientific calculator.
Answer schemes are in English (DLP).
Practice shows answers as you go. Exam times you and hides answers until you submit.
Bahagian ASection A
20 marksJawab semua soalan. Setiap soalan diikuti oleh empat pilihan jawapan, A, B, C dan D. Pilih satu jawapan sahaja.Answer all questions. Each question is followed by four options, A, B, C and D. Choose one answer only.
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Question 1
Kelab Alam Sekitar sekolah melawat sebuah tapak semaian pokok hutan. Biji benih meranti dikutip dan disemai, kemudian anak pokok ditanam semula di kawasan hutan yang telah ditebang. Apakah kaedah mengekalkan biodiversiti yang ditunjukkan?The school's Environment Club visits a forest seedling nursery. Meranti seeds are collected and sown, then the seedlings are planted back in a forest area that has been logged. Which method of maintaining biodiversity is shown?
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B
Collecting seeds, raising seedlings and planting them back is a reproductive programme (textbook p. 6: seedling nurseries and turtle hatcheries). A is a law, C protects a habitat and D is ex situ conservation outside the forest.
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Question 2
Rajah 1 menunjukkan suhu badan dua ekor haiwan, P dan Q, apabila suhu persekitarannya dinaikkan daripada 10 °C kepada 40 °C. Pernyataan yang manakah betul?Diagram 1 shows the body temperature of two animals, P and Q, when the temperature of their surroundings is raised from 10 °C to 40 °C. Which statement is correct?
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C
The body temperature of P changes with its surroundings, so P is poikilothermic (a lizard, a reptile). The body temperature of Q stays constant, so Q is homeothermic (a bat, a mammal). A and B reverse the groups, and D cannot be right because reptiles are all poikilothermic.
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Question 3
Pak Ghani melihat seekor burung tiung hinggap di belakang seekor kerbau di padang sekolah. Burung itu memakan kutu pada kulit kerbau itu. Kerbau itu bebas daripada kutu dan burung itu mendapat makanan. Apakah jenis interaksi ini?Pak Ghani sees a mynah perched on the back of a buffalo on the school field. The bird eats the ticks on the buffalo's skin. The buffalo is rid of ticks and the bird gets food. What type of interaction is this?
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A
Both organisms benefit (food for the bird, no ticks for the buffalo), so it is mutualism (textbook p. 33: mynah and buffalo). In commensalism one is not helped, in parasitism one is harmed, and in competition both fight for the same resource.
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Question 4
Hadi jarang makan telur, minum susu atau mengambil minyak ikan. Dia sukar melihat dalam cahaya malap pada waktu senja. Kekurangan vitamin manakah yang paling mungkin menyebabkan masalah ini?Hadi seldom eats eggs, drinks milk or takes fish oil. He finds it hard to see in dim light at dusk. A deficiency of which vitamin is the most likely cause of this problem?
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A
Vitamin A (milk, egg yolk, fish oil) is needed for night vision; a deficiency causes night blindness (textbook Table 3.1). Lack of B causes beri-beri or anaemia, of C scurvy, and of K prolonged bleeding.
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Question 5
Seorang pesakit mempunyai batu hempedu yang menyekat saluran hempedu supaya hempedu tidak dapat mengalir ke dalam duodenum. Proses manakah yang paling terjejas?A patient has a gallstone that blocks the bile duct so that bile cannot flow into the duodenum. Which process is affected most?
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C
Bile (made by the liver, stored in the gall bladder) enters the duodenum to emulsify fat into small droplets. With the duct blocked, this does not happen. Starch is digested in the mouth, protein in the stomach and water is reabsorbed in the large intestine, none of which depend on bile.
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Question 6
Seorang petani digigit ular berbisa dan disuntik dengan antiserum di hospital. Apakah jenis keimunan yang diperoleh dan mengapa?A farmer is bitten by a venomous snake and is injected with an antiserum at the hospital. What type of immunity does he gain and why?
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B
An antiserum contains ready-made antibodies injected from outside, so the immunity is passive and artificial. It acts quickly but does not last, because the body is not making the antibodies itself (textbook p. 86).
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Question 7
Mei Xin ingin mendapatkan air tulen daripada larutan garam di dalam makmal sains. Kaedah manakah yang paling sesuai?Mei Xin wants to obtain pure water from a salt solution in the science laboratory. Which method is the most suitable?
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D
Only distillation removes dissolved substances such as salt as well as suspended particles and microorganisms, so it gives pure water. Filtration removes only suspended particles; boiling and chlorination kill microorganisms but leave the salt in the water.
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Question 8
Kavitha meletakkan sebatang saderi di dalam air yang diwarnakan merah. Selepas beberapa jam, jalur merah kelihatan sampai ke daun saderi itu. Daya manakah yang menyebabkan air naik sepanjang batang saderi?Kavitha places a stalk of celery in red-coloured water. After a few hours, red streaks can be seen up to the leaves of the celery. Which forces make the water rise along the stalk?
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C
Capillary action: the cohesive force (water to water) and the adhesive force (water to the walls of the xylem) together pull the water up (textbook p. 96). Either force alone is not enough; gravity pulls the water down.
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Question 9
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan ujian pada tiga larutan, P, Q dan R, di makmal sekolah.
Antara berikut, yang manakah betul?The table shows the results of tests on three solutions, P, Q and R, in the school laboratory. Which of the following is correct?
| Larutan / Solution | Penunjuk / Indicator | Warna / Colour |
|---|---|---|
| P | Metil jingga / Methyl orange | Merah / Red |
| Q | Fenolftalein / Phenolphthalein | Merah jambu / Pink |
| R | Penunjuk semesta / Universal indicator | Hijau / Green |
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A
Methyl orange is red only in an acid. Phenolphthalein is pink only in an alkali. Universal indicator is green at pH 7, so R is neutral (textbook Table 6.3).
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Question 10
Tanah di sebuah petak kebun sekolah terlalu berasid sehingga pokok sayur tidak subur. Bahan manakah yang sesuai ditaburkan pada tanah itu untuk mengurangkan keasidannya?The soil in one plot of the school garden is too acidic and the vegetable plants do not grow well. Which substance is suitable to spread on the soil to reduce its acidity?
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C
An acidic soil is neutralised by an alkali, and lime powder is alkaline. Vinegar and lime juice are acids that would make the soil more acidic, and common salt is neutral so it does not neutralise the acid.
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Question 11
Skrin monitor komputer di makmal komputer sekolah cepat berhabuk walaupun sentiasa dilap. Apakah penjelasan yang betul?The monitor screens in the school computer lab get dusty quickly even though they are wiped regularly. What is the correct explanation?
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A
Positive charges on the screen attract negatively charged dust (unlike charges attract); like charges would repel. Protons never move, and dust is not magnetic (textbook p. 146).
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Question 12
Rajah 2 menunjukkan tiga perintang, 2 Ω, 3 Ω dan 5 Ω, disambungkan secara siri kepada bekalan kuasa 20 V. Berapakah voltan merentasi perintang 3 Ω?Diagram 2 shows three resistors, 2 Ω, 3 Ω and 5 Ω, connected in series to a 20 V supply. What is the voltage across the 3 Ω resistor?
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B
R = 2 + 3 + 5 = 10 Ω. I = 20 ÷ 10 = 2 A (the same everywhere in a series circuit). V = I R = 2 × 3 = 6 V. 2 V is the current (2 A) read as a voltage, 10 V is the voltage across the 5 Ω resistor and 20 V is the whole supply.
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Question 13
Aiman membuat elektromagnet daripada paku besi dan dawai kuprum bertebat. Dia menggunakan arus yang sama dan menukar bilangan lilitan gegelung. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan bilangan pin yang ditarik.
Berapakah bilangan pin yang paling mungkin ditarik jika gegelung itu mempunyai 50 lilitan dengan arus yang sama?Aiman makes an electromagnet from an iron nail and insulated copper wire. He uses the same current and changes the number of turns of the coil. The table shows the number of pins attracted. How many pins are most likely to be attracted if the coil has 50 turns with the same current?
| Bilangan lilitan / Number of turns | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilangan pin / Number of pins | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 |
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D
Every extra 10 turns attracts 4 more pins, so the number of pins is directly proportional to the number of turns. For 50 turns: 16 + 4 = 20 pins.
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Question 14
Darwisy berjisim 40 kg. Dia berdiri di atas lantai dewan dengan kedua-dua kakinya. Luas setiap tapak kasutnya yang bersentuhan dengan lantai ialah 0.02 m². Berapakah tekanan yang dikenakan olehnya pada lantai? (Medan graviti Bumi = 10 N kg⁻¹)Darwisy has a mass of 40 kg. He stands on the hall floor on both feet. The area of each shoe sole in contact with the floor is 0.02 m². What is the pressure he exerts on the floor? (Earth's gravitational field = 10 N kg⁻¹)
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C
Weight = 40 × 10 = 400 N. Total area = 2 × 0.02 = 0.04 m². Pressure = 400 ÷ 0.04 = 10 000 Pa. 20 000 Pa is the pressure on one foot, 1 000 Pa uses the mass instead of the weight, and 400 Pa forgets to divide by the area.
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Question 15
Rajah 3 menunjukkan sebuah pemecah kekeras yang digunakan di kantin. Daya 18 N dikenakan pada hujung pemegang yang berjarak 15 cm daripada engsel. Kacang itu terletak 3 cm daripada engsel. Berapakah daya yang dikenakan pada kacang itu?Diagram 3 shows a nutcracker used in the canteen. An effort of 18 N is applied at the end of the handle, 15 cm from the hinge. The nut is 3 cm from the hinge. What is the force exerted on the nut?
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B
Principle of moments: force on nut × 3 cm = 18 N × 15 cm, so force on nut = 270 ÷ 3 = 90 N. The nut is nearer to the hinge than the effort, so the force on it is larger than the effort. 3.6 N turns the distances upside down and 270 N forgets to divide by 3.
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Question 16
Rajah 4 menunjukkan sebuah periuk sup di atas dapur di kantin. Kaedah pemindahan haba yang manakah berlaku pada X, Y dan Z?Diagram 4 shows a pot of soup on a stove in the canteen. Which methods of heat transfer take place at X, Y and Z?
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A
The metal base of the pot is a solid, so heat passes through it by conduction. The soup is a liquid, so heat spreads in it by convection currents. The cook's face feels the heat across the air without a medium touching it: radiation.
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Question 17
Nurin bertepuk tangan menghala ke dinding sebuah dewan yang kosong dan mendengar gema selepas 0.4 s. Laju bunyi di dalam udara ialah 340 m s⁻¹. Berapakah jarak Nurin dari dinding itu?Nurin claps her hands facing the wall of an empty hall and hears the echo after 0.4 s. The speed of sound in air is 340 m s⁻¹. What is Nurin's distance from the wall?
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D
Distance travelled by the sound there and back = 340 × 0.4 = 136 m. The distance to the wall is half of that: 136 ÷ 2 = 68 m. 136 m forgets to halve it.
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Question 18
Susunan manakah menunjukkan objek di angkasa daripada yang terkecil kepada yang terbesar?Which arrangement shows objects in space from the smallest to the largest?
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B
From smallest to largest: Earth, solar system, Milky Way, a group of galaxies, a cluster of galaxies, universe (textbook Figure 11.2). The Earth is part of the solar system, which is part of the Milky Way.
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Question 19
Musytari mempunyai jisim yang sangat besar dan daya graviti yang kuat. Apakah kesan keadaan ini yang memberi manfaat kepada Bumi?Jupiter has a very large mass and a strong gravity. What effect of this benefits the Earth?
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D
Jupiter's strong gravity can deflect large objects away from the Earth (textbook p. 255). The Moon is held by the Earth's own gravity, and Jupiter does not change the Earth's rotation or seasons.
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Question 20
Pernyataan manakah yang betul tentang objek-objek kecil di dalam sistem suria?Which statement about the small objects in the solar system is correct?
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D
Meteoroids are fragments of asteroids and comets. An asteroid is stone and metal; a comet is ice, gas and dust, and most comets come from the Kuiper belt and the Oort cloud. A meteoroid that burns in the atmosphere is a meteor; one that lands on the ground is a meteorite, so C is wrong.
Bahagian BSection B
20 marksJawab semua soalan. Pilih jawapan yang betul bagi setiap bahagian soalan, atau tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.Answer all questions. Choose the correct answer for each part of the question, or write your answer in the space provided.
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Question 21
Rajah 5 menunjukkan kekunci dikotomi bagi empat haiwan vertebrata yang ditemui di kolam sekolah: ikan tilapia, katak, burung raja udang dan kura-kura. Pilih nama haiwan bagi P, Q dan R, dan jawapan yang betul bagi (d).Diagram 5 shows a dichotomous key for four vertebrates found in the school pond: tilapia, frog, kingfisher and terrapin. Choose the name of the animal for P, Q and R, and the correct answer for (d).
[1 mark]
(a)Haiwan PAnimal P
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Kingfisher
P is the only homeothermic animal (constant body temperature): the kingfisher, a bird.
[1 mark]
(b)Haiwan QAnimal Q
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Frog
Q is poikilothermic with moist skin and no scales: the frog, an amphibian.
[1 mark]
(c)Haiwan RAnimal R
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Tilapia
R is poikilothermic with scales and fins: the tilapia, a fish.
[1 mark]
(d)Haiwan S bernafas menggunakan __________.Animal S breathes using __________.
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lungs
S has scales, no fins and is poikilothermic: the terrapin, a reptile, which breathes with lungs.
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Question 22
Selepas seminggu hujan lebat, terdapat lopak air bertakung di tapak kebun sekolah dan beberapa orang murid jatuh sakit. Pilih jawapan yang betul bagi setiap pernyataan tentang penyebaran penyakit.After a week of heavy rain, pools of water collect in the school garden and some pupils fall ill. Choose the correct answer for each statement about the spread of diseases.
[1 mark]
(a)Vektor bagi penyakit denggi ialah __________.The vector of dengue is the __________.
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Aedes mosquito
The Aedes mosquito spreads dengue; the female Anopheles spreads malaria; flies spread cholera and typhoid (textbook Table 4.1).
[1 mark]
(b)Leptospirosis tersebar melalui tanah, makanan dan air yang dicemari oleh air kencing __________.Leptospirosis spreads through soil, food and water contaminated by the urine of __________.
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rats
The rat is the vector of leptospirosis (textbook Table 4.2).
[1 mark]
(c)Kurap tersebar melalui __________.Ringworm spreads through __________.
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contact
Ringworm is caused by a fungus and spreads by touching an infected person's skin or using the person's clothes: contact.
[1 mark]
(d)Tindakan yang betul untuk memutuskan penyebaran penyakit yang dibawa oleh nyamuk ialah __________.The correct action to stop the spread of diseases carried by mosquitoes is to __________.
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destroy the breeding places of mosquitoes
Stagnant water is where mosquitoes breed, so removing it controls the vector. Covering the mouth stops airborne diseases and boiling water stops water-borne diseases.
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Question 23
Cikgu Salmah menunjukkan gambar langit malam kepada murid-muridnya dan bercakap tentang bintang dan galaksi. Tandakan Benar atau Palsu bagi setiap pernyataan.Cikgu Salmah shows her pupils a picture of the night sky and talks about stars and galaxies. Mark True or False for each statement.
[1 mark]
(a)Matahari akan menjadi kerdil putih apabila ia mati.The Sun will become a white dwarf when it dies.
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True
The Sun is a medium-sized star: nebula, star, red giant, then white dwarf.
[1 mark]
(b)Bintang biru mempunyai suhu permukaan yang lebih rendah daripada bintang merah.A blue star has a lower surface temperature than a red star.
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False
Blue stars are the hottest (above 25 000 K) and red stars are the coolest (below 3 500 K).
[1 mark]
(c)Sistem suria terletak di pinggir salah satu lengan berpilin galaksi Bima Sakti.The solar system is at the edge of one of the spiral arms of the Milky Way galaxy.
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True
The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy and our solar system lies at the edge of one of its arms.
[1 mark]
(d)Bintang yang kelihatan paling cerah dari Bumi sudah pasti bintang yang paling besar.The star that looks brightest from the Earth must be the biggest star.
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False
Brightness depends on size, distance and surface temperature. A small star that is near the Earth can look brighter than a huge star that is very far away.
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Question 24
Jadual 1 menunjukkan ciri tiga objek kecil, P, Q dan R, di dalam sistem suria.
Pilih nama bagi setiap objek dan jawapan yang betul bagi (d).Table 1 shows the characteristics of three small objects, P, Q and R, in the solar system. Choose the name for each object and the correct answer for (d).
| Objek / Object | Bahan / Made of | Ciri / Characteristic |
|---|---|---|
| P | Ais, gas dan debu yang membeku / Frozen ice, gas and dust | Mempunyai ekor yang sentiasa menghala menjauhi Matahari / Has a tail that always points away from the Sun |
| Q | Batuan dan logam / Stone and metal | Mengorbit Matahari, kebanyakannya antara Marikh dengan Musytari / Orbits the Sun, mostly between Mars and Jupiter |
| R | Batuan dan logam / Stone and metal | Bergerak bebas di angkasa; serpihan asteroid dan komet / Moves freely in space; a fragment of asteroids and comets |
[1 mark]
(a)Objek PObject P
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Comet
A body of ice, gas and frozen dust with a tail pointing away from the Sun is a comet.
[1 mark]
(b)Objek QObject Q
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Asteroid
A large body of stone and metal with its own orbit around the Sun, mostly in the asteroid belt, is an asteroid.
[1 mark]
(c)Objek RObject R
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Meteoroid
A free-moving piece of stone and metal, a fragment of asteroids and comets, is a meteoroid.
[1 mark]
(d)Apabila R memasuki atmosfera Bumi dan terbakar akibat geseran dengan udara, ia dinamakan __________.When R enters the Earth's atmosphere and burns because of friction with the air, it is called a __________.
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meteor
A meteoroid that is burning in the atmosphere is a meteor (a streak of light). A meteorite is one that lands on the ground.
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Question 25
Di kantin sekolah, Syafiq menuang teh panas ke dalam dua cawan yang sama saiz dan sama isi padu. Satu cawan diperbuat daripada keluli dan satu lagi daripada plastik tebal. Dia memegang kedua-dua cawan itu.In the school canteen, Syafiq pours hot tea into two cups of the same size and the same volume. One cup is made of steel and the other of thick plastic. He holds both cups.
[2 marks]
(a)Cawan keluli terasa jauh lebih panas daripada cawan plastik. Terangkan sebabnya.The steel cup feels much hotter than the plastic cup. Explain why.
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[2 marks]
(b)Selepas 20 minit, teh di dalam cawan plastik masih panas tetapi teh di dalam cawan keluli sudah suam. Terangkan sebabnya.After 20 minutes, the tea in the plastic cup is still hot but the tea in the steel cup is lukewarm. Explain why.
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Tick each point you got.
Bahagian CSection C
60 marksJawab semua soalan. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
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Question 26
Rajah 6 menunjukkan siratan makanan di dalam kolam ikan hiasan sekolah. Anak panah menunjukkan arah pengaliran tenaga.Diagram 6 shows a food web in the school ornamental pond. The arrows show the direction of energy flow.
[1 mark]
(a)Berapakah bilangan rantai makanan dalam siratan makanan itu yang bermula daripada pengeluar dan berakhir dengan burung raja udang?How many food chains in the food web start from a producer and end with the kingfisher?
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Algae > mosquito larva > guppy > kingfisher; algae > mosquito larva > dragonfly nymph > kingfisher; algae > tadpole > dragonfly nymph > kingfisher; Hydrilla > tadpole > dragonfly nymph > kingfisher.
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[1 mark]
(b)Namakan satu organisma yang menjadi pengguna primer dan juga pengguna sekunder.Name one organism that is both a primary consumer and a secondary consumer.
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It eats Hydrilla (a producer, so it is a primary consumer) and the water snail (a primary consumer, so it is a secondary consumer).
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks]
(c)Bilangan burung raja udang di kolam itu jauh lebih sedikit daripada bilangan larva nyamuk. Terangkan sebabnya.There are far fewer kingfishers in the pond than mosquito larvae. Explain why.
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Tick each point you got.
[2 marks]
(d)Pak Ghani, tukang kebun sekolah, memelihara ikan guppy di kolam itu untuk mengurangkan bilangan larva nyamuk. Namakan kaedah ini dan nyatakan satu kelebihannya berbanding menggunakan racun serangga.Pak Ghani, the school gardener, keeps guppies in the pond to reduce the number of mosquito larvae. Name this method and state one advantage of it over using insecticide.
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Tick each point you got.
[2 marks]
(e)Tumbuhan air yang mati termendap di dasar kolam. Namakan kumpulan organisma yang menguraikannya dan terangkan mengapa kumpulan ini penting kepada pengeluar.Dead water plants settle at the bottom of the pond. Name the group of organisms that breaks them down and explain why this group is important to the producers.
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Question 27
Kavitha ahli pancaragam sekolah. Dia merakam dua bunyi seruling, P dan Q, pada skrin osiloskop sinar katod (O.S.K.). Rajah 7 menunjukkan surih kedua-dua bunyi itu. Seluruh lebar skrin mewakili 0.01 saat.Kavitha is a member of the school band. She records two notes of a flute, P and Q, on the screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope (C.R.O.). Diagram 7 shows the traces of the two notes. The whole width of the screen stands for 0.01 second.
[1 mark]
(a)Nyatakan frekuensi bunyi P, dengan unitnya.State the frequency of note P, with its unit.
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There are 4 complete waves in 0.01 s, so f = 4 ÷ 0.01 = 400 Hz.
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[2 marks]
(b)Bandingkan bunyi P dengan bunyi Q dari segi kelangsingan dan kenyaringan.Compare note P with note Q in terms of pitch and loudness.
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[1 mark]
(c)Kavitha meniup seruling dengan lebih kuat untuk menghasilkan bunyi P tanpa mengubah nadanya. Apakah perubahan yang dilihat pada surih O.S.K.?Kavitha blows the flute harder to produce note P without changing its pitch. What change is seen on the C.R.O. trace?
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[2 marks]
(d)Pada waktu malam, seekor kelawar terbang di kebun sekolah dan menghasilkan ultrabunyi. Terangkan bagaimana kelawar itu menggunakan ultrabunyi untuk mengesan seekor serangga.At night, a bat flies in the school garden and produces ultrasound. Explain how the bat uses the ultrasound to find an insect.
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[2 marks]
(e)Kavitha tidak dapat mendengar ultrabunyi kelawar itu. Terangkan sebabnya.Kavitha cannot hear the ultrasound of the bat. Explain why.
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Question 28
Wei Jie memasang lampu taman model di makmal sains. Rajah 8 menunjukkan litar X (sambungan siri) dan litar Y (sambungan selari). Setiap perintang mewakili satu lampu.Wei Jie sets up model garden lamps in the science laboratory. Diagram 8 shows circuit X (a series connection) and circuit Y (a parallel connection). Each resistor stands for one lamp.
[1 mark]
(a)Hitung rintangan berkesan litar X.Calculate the effective resistance of circuit X.
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Tick each point you got.
[1 mark]
(b)Hitung arus yang mengalir dalam litar X.Calculate the current flowing in circuit X.
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Tick each point you got.
[1 mark]
(c)Hitung voltan merentasi R₂ dalam litar X.Calculate the voltage across R₂ in circuit X.
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Tick each point you got.
[2 marks]
(d)Hitung rintangan berkesan litar Y.Calculate the effective resistance of circuit Y.
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Tick each point you got.
[2 marks]
(e)Hitung arus yang mengalir melalui R₃ dan melalui R₄ dalam litar Y.Calculate the current flowing through R₃ and through R₄ in circuit Y.
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The voltage across each branch of a parallel circuit equals the supply voltage, 9 V.
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[2 marks]
(f)Wei Jie mahu supaya lampu yang lain terus menyala jika satu lampu rosak. Pilih litar yang sesuai dan berikan satu sebab.Wei Jie wants the other lamp to stay lit if one lamp is damaged. Choose the suitable circuit and give one reason.
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Tick each point you got.
[1 mark]
(g)Nyatakan arah aliran elektron dalam litar X.State the direction of flow of the electrons in circuit X.
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29
Question 29
Mei Xin ingin menyediakan teh ais dengan cepat di kantin sekolah. Dia mengkaji kesan suhu air terhadap kadar keterlarutan gula. Dia memasukkan 5 g gula ke dalam 100 mL air pada suhu yang berbeza dan mengacau dengan kelajuan yang sama. Masa yang diambil oleh gula untuk melarut dicatat. Rajah 9 menunjukkan keputusannya.Mei Xin wants to prepare iced tea quickly in the school canteen. She investigates the effect of the temperature of water on the rate of solubility of sugar. She adds 5 g of sugar to 100 mL of water at different temperatures and stirs at the same speed. The time the sugar takes to dissolve is recorded. Diagram 9 shows her results.
[1 mark]
(a)Nyatakan pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan.State the manipulated variable.
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[1 mark]
(b)Nyatakan pemboleh ubah bergerak balas.State the responding variable.
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[1 mark]
(c)Nyatakan satu pemboleh ubah yang dimalarkan.State one constant variable.
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[1 mark]
(d)Berapakah masa yang diambil oleh gula untuk melarut pada 50 °C?How long does the sugar take to dissolve at 50 °C?
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[1 mark]
(e)Nyatakan hubungan antara suhu air dengan masa yang diambil oleh gula untuk melarut.State the relationship between the temperature of the water and the time the sugar takes to dissolve.
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[2 marks]
(f)Terangkan keputusan itu menggunakan teori kinetik zarah.Explain the results using the kinetic theory of matter.
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[1 mark]
(g)Ramalkan masa yang diambil oleh gula untuk melarut pada 80 °C.Predict the time the sugar takes to dissolve at 80 °C.
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[2 marks]
(h)Mei Xin menyediakan teh ais menggunakan air sejuk. Cadangkan dua cara supaya gula melarut lebih cepat tanpa memanaskan air.Mei Xin prepares the iced tea using cold water. Suggest two ways to make the sugar dissolve faster without heating the water.
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30
Question 30
Kantin sekolah menjual dua set makanan. Jadual 2 menunjukkan jisim zat makanan dalam satu hidangan bagi setiap set. Gunakan nilai kalori: protein 4 kcal g⁻¹, lemak 9 kcal g⁻¹, karbohidrat 4 kcal g⁻¹.
The school canteen sells two sets of meals. Table 2 shows the mass of nutrients in one serving of each set. Use these calorific values: protein 4 kcal g⁻¹, fat 9 kcal g⁻¹, carbohydrate 4 kcal g⁻¹.
| Set / Set | Protein (g) | Lemak (g) / Fat (g) | Karbohidrat (g) / Carbohydrate (g) |
|---|---|---|---|
| A: nasi lemak dengan ayam goreng / coconut rice with fried chicken | 18 | 32 | 85 |
| B: nasi ayam panggang dengan sayur / rice with grilled chicken and vegetables | 25 | 12 | 70 |
[2 marks]
(a)Terangkan bagaimana ujian Benedict dijalankan untuk mengesan gula penurun di dalam sampel minuman kantin, dan nyatakan keputusan positif.Describe how Benedict's test is carried out to find a reducing sugar in a sample of a canteen drink, and state the positive result.
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[2 marks]
(b)Hitung nilai kalori set A dalam kcal. Tunjukkan jalan kerja anda.Calculate the calorific value of set A in kcal. Show your working.
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[2 marks]
(c)Hitung nilai kalori set B dalam kJ. (1 kcal = 4.2 kJ)Calculate the calorific value of set B in kJ. (1 kcal = 4.2 kJ)
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[2 marks]
(d)Hafiz berumur 14 tahun. Jisimnya 72 kg dan tingginya 1.60 m. Hitung Indeks Jisim Badan (BMI) Hafiz. (BMI = jisim ÷ tinggi²)Hafiz is 14 years old. His mass is 72 kg and his height is 1.60 m. Calculate his Body Mass Index (BMI). (BMI = mass ÷ height²)
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[1 mark]
(e)Nasi mengandungi kanji. Namakan enzim di dalam air liur yang mula mencerna kanji.Rice contains starch. Name the enzyme in saliva that starts to digest starch.
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[3 marks]
(f)Doktor menyatakan bahawa julat BMI yang sihat bagi remaja lelaki seusia Hafiz ialah 17 hingga 23. Hafiz membeli set A dan minuman bergula setiap hari, dan dia jarang bersukan. Nilaikan pilihan makanannya dan cadangkan satu perubahan yang sesuai.The doctor says the healthy BMI range for a boy of Hafiz's age is 17 to 23. Hafiz buys set A and a sweet drink every day, and he seldom does sports. Evaluate his choice of food and suggest a suitable change.
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31
Question 31
Jadual 3 menunjukkan data bagi Bumi dan empat planet lain, P, Q, R dan S, di dalam sistem suria. (1 U.A. = 1.5 × 10⁸ km; laju cahaya = 300 000 km s⁻¹)
Table 3 shows data about the Earth and four other planets, P, Q, R and S, in the solar system. (1 A.U. = 1.5 × 10⁸ km; speed of light = 300 000 km s⁻¹)
| Planet / Planet | Jarak dari Matahari (U.A.) / Distance from the Sun (A.U.) | Jisim (Bumi = 1) / Mass (Earth = 1) | Graviti (m s⁻²) / Gravity (m s⁻²) | Suhu permukaan (°C) / Surface temperature (°C) | Masa satu peredaran / Orbit time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bumi / Earth | 1.00 | 1 | 9.8 | 14 | 365 hari / days |
| P | 0.72 | 0.815 | 8.87 | 457 | 224.7 hari / days |
| Q | 1.52 | 0.107 | 3.71 | −55 | 687 hari / days |
| R | 5.19 | 317.8 | 24.79 | −153 | 11.9 tahun / years |
| S | 30.0 | 17.1 | 11.15 | −225 | 164.8 tahun / years |
[2 marks]
(a)Namakan planet P dan planet Q.Name planet P and planet Q.
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0.72 A.U. is Venus (second from the Sun, also the hottest) and 1.52 A.U. is Mars, the planet beyond the Earth.
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[2 marks]
(b)Hitung jarak planet P dari Matahari dalam km.Calculate the distance of planet P from the Sun in km.
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[2 marks]
(c)Berapa minitkah masa yang diambil oleh cahaya Matahari untuk sampai ke planet P?How many minutes does sunlight take to reach planet P?
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[1 mark]
(d)Nyatakan hubungan antara jarak planet dari Matahari dengan masa satu peredarannya mengelilingi Matahari.State the relationship between the distance of a planet from the Sun and the time it takes to orbit the Sun.
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[2 marks]
(e)Planet P mempunyai suhu permukaan yang paling tinggi. Terangkan mengapa suhunya lebih tinggi daripada Utarid yang lebih dekat dengan Matahari.Planet P has the highest surface temperature. Explain why it is hotter than Mercury, which is nearer to the Sun.
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[3 marks]
(f)Sebuah agensi angkasa mencadangkan supaya manusia berpindah dan tinggal di planet Q kerana planet itu mempunyai permukaan yang keras seperti Bumi. Berdasarkan Jadual 3, nilaikan cadangan itu.A space agency proposes that humans move to and live on planet Q because it has a hard surface like the Earth. Based on Table 3, evaluate the proposal.
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Test specification (JSU)
| Chapter | Remembering | Understanding | Applying | Analysing | Evaluating | Creating | Items | marks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Biodiversity | 1 (1) | 1 (4) | – | 1 (1) | – | – | 3 | 6 |
| 2. Ecosystem | – | 2 (9) | – | – | – | – | 2 | 9 |
| 3. Nutrition | 1 (1) | – | 1 (1) | – | 1 (12) | – | 3 | 14 |
| 4. Human health | – | 2 (5) | – | – | – | – | 2 | 5 |
| 5. Water and solution | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 1 (10) | – | – | – | 3 | 12 |
| 6. Acids and alkalis | – | – | 2 (2) | – | – | – | 2 | 2 |
| 7. Electricity and magnetism | – | 1 (1) | 3 (12) | – | – | – | 4 | 13 |
| 8. Force and motion | – | – | 2 (2) | – | – | – | 2 | 2 |
| 9. Heat | – | 1 (1) | – | 1 (4) | – | – | 2 | 5 |
| 10. Sound waves | – | – | 2 (9) | – | – | – | 2 | 9 |
| 11. Stars and galaxies in the universe | 1 (1) | 1 (4) | – | – | – | – | 2 | 5 |
| 12. Solar system | – | 1 (1) | – | – | 1 (12) | – | 2 | 13 |
| 13. Meteoroid, asteroid, comet | 1 (4) | 1 (1) | – | – | – | – | 2 | 5 |
| Total | 5 (8) | 11 (27) | 11 (36) | 2 (5) | 2 (24) | 0 (0) | 31 | 100 |
Each cell shows items (marks).