myUASARevision for UASA
Practice paper, not an official KPM paper
4541
Peperiksaan Percubaan SPM (Model)SPM Trial Examination (Model)

KimiaChemistry

Tingkatan 5, 2 jam / 2 hours, 100 marks
Nama / Name
Kelas / Class
Tarikh / Date
Markah / Marks:      / 100
Instructions
  1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi empat bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B, Bahagian C dan Bahagian D.This question paper consists of four sections: Section A, Section B, Section C and Section D.
  2. Bahagian A: pilih satu jawapan bagi setiap soalan. Bahagian B: jawab semua soalan. Bahagian C: jawab satu soalan sahaja. Bahagian D: soalan mesti dijawab.Section A: choose one answer for each question. Section B: answer all questions. Section C: answer one question only. Section D: this question must be answered.
  3. Kerja mengira anda mesti ditunjukkan.Your working must be shown.
  4. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.The diagrams are not drawn to scale unless stated.
  5. Jawapan boleh ditulis dalam Bahasa Melayu atau Bahasa Inggeris.Answers may be written in Bahasa Melayu or English.
  6. Jadual Berkala Unsur dan kalkulator saintifik dibenarkan.The Periodic Table and a scientific calculator are allowed.

Answer schemes are in English (DLP).

Bahagian ASection A

20 marks
Jawab semua soalan. Setiap soalan diikuti oleh empat pilihan jawapan, A, B, C dan D. Pilih satu jawapan sahaja.Answer all questions. Each question is followed by four options, A, B, C and D. Choose one answer only.
1

Question 1

Apakah nombor pengoksidaan kromium dalam kalium dikromat(VI), K₂Cr₂O₇?What is the oxidation number of chromium in potassium dichromate(VI), K₂Cr₂O₇?
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C
K = +1 and O = -2, so 2(+1) + 2x + 7(-2) = 0 and x = +6. The roman numeral VI in the name also gives +6.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, Chapter 1, standard 1.1.1
Textbook p. 6
2

Question 2

Magnesium yang terbakar terus menyala di dalam balang gas karbon dioksida.
2Mg + CO₂ → 2MgO + C
Bahan manakah ialah agen pengoksidaan?
Magnesium continues to burn in a gas jar of carbon dioxide.
2Mg + CO₂ → 2MgO + C
Which substance is the oxidising agent?
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A
CO₂ loses oxygen (carbon changes from +4 to 0), so it is reduced and is the oxidising agent. Mg gains oxygen, so it is the reducing agent.
For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, Chapter 1, standard 1.1.2
Textbook p. 12
3

Question 3

Sebuah sel kimia dibina daripada separuh sel Mg²⁺/Mg (E° = -2.38 V) dan separuh sel Ni²⁺/Ni (E° = -0.25 V). Apakah terminal negatif dan voltan sel itu?A chemical cell is made from a Mg²⁺/Mg half-cell (E° = -2.38 V) and a Ni²⁺/Ni half-cell (E° = -0.25 V). What is the negative terminal and the voltage of the cell?
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D
Mg has the more negative E°, so it is the negative terminal. E°cell = (-0.25) - (-2.38) = +2.13 V. 2.63 V comes from adding the two values.
For the teacher: Applying, medium difficulty, Chapter 1, standard 1.3.1
Textbook p. 30
4

Question 4

Asid sulfurik cair dielektrolisiskan dengan menggunakan elektrod karbon. Pernyataan manakah betul tentang gas yang terkumpul?Dilute sulphuric acid is electrolysed using carbon electrodes. Which statement about the gases collected is correct?
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B
Cathode: 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂. Anode: 4OH⁻ → O₂ + 2H₂O + 4e⁻. For the same 4 mol of electrons, 2 mol of H₂ form for every 1 mol of O₂, so the volume ratio is 2 : 1.
For the teacher: Understanding, medium difficulty, Chapter 1, standard 1.4.3
Textbook p. 40
5

Question 5

Antara persamaan setengah berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan penurunan oksigen semasa pengaratan besi?Which half equation shows the reduction of oxygen during the rusting of iron?
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C
Reduction is gain of electrons: oxygen gains electrons to form hydroxide ions at the cathode region. A and D are oxidations of iron; B is the oxidation of hydroxide ions in electrolysis.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, Chapter 1, standard 1.6.2
Textbook p. 55
6

Question 6

Jadual menunjukkan keputusan apabila logam P, Q, R dan S dimasukkan ke dalam larutan nitrat logam lain. Pasangan elektrod manakah memberi voltan sel kimia paling tinggi dan yang manakah terminal negatif?
LogamP²⁺Q²⁺R²⁺S²⁺
P-bertindak balasbertindak balasbertindak balas
Qtiada perubahan-bertindak balasbertindak balas
Rtiada perubahantiada perubahan-bertindak balas
Stiada perubahantiada perubahantiada perubahan-
The table shows the results when metals P, Q, R and S are placed in nitrate solutions of the other metals. Which pair of electrodes gives the highest cell voltage, and which is the negative terminal?
MetalP²⁺Q²⁺R²⁺S²⁺
P-reactsreactsreacts
Qno change-reactsreacts
Rno changeno change-reacts
Sno changeno changeno change-
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A
P displaces all the others, S displaces none, so the order of reactivity is P > Q > R > S. The cell voltage is greatest for the two metals furthest apart, P and S. The more reactive metal, P, is the negative terminal.
For the teacher: Analysing, high difficulty, Chapter 1, standard 1.2.2
Textbook p. 25
7

Question 7

Sebatian manakah ialah ahli siri homolog yang sama dengan CH₃CH₂CH₂OH?Which compound is a member of the same homologous series as CH₃CH₂CH₂OH?
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B
CH₃CH₂CH₂OH is propan-1-ol, an alcohol (-OH group). Butan-1-ol has the same functional group. A is a carboxylic acid, C an ester and D an alkene.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, Chapter 2, standard 2.2.1
Textbook p. 74
8

Question 8

Etanol dihasilkan secara industri daripada etena dan stim. Apakah keadaan yang digunakan?Ethanol is manufactured industrially from ethene and steam. Which conditions are used?
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D
Hydration of ethene: steam, phosphoric acid catalyst, 300 °C, 60 atm. Nickel at 180 °C is for hydrogenation and yeast is for fermentation of glucose.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, Chapter 2, standard 2.3.1
Textbook p. 90
9

Question 9

Berapakah jisim karbon dioksida yang terhasil apabila 4.6 g etanol, C₂H₅OH, terbakar lengkap dalam oksigen berlebihan? [Jisim atom relatif: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16]What is the mass of carbon dioxide formed when 4.6 g of ethanol, C₂H₅OH, burns completely in excess oxygen? [Relative atomic mass: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16]
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C
C₂H₅OH + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O. Moles of ethanol = 4.6 ÷ 46 = 0.1 mol. Moles of CO₂ = 0.2 mol. Mass = 0.2 × 44 = 8.8 g.
For the teacher: Applying, medium difficulty, Chapter 2, standard 2.3.1
Textbook p. 80
10

Question 10

Propan-1-ol dioksidakan oleh kalium manganat(VII) berasid untuk menghasilkan sebatian Y. Sebatian Y kemudian bertindak balas dengan propan-1-ol dengan kehadiran asid sulfurik pekat untuk menghasilkan ester Z. Apakah formula molekul bagi Z?Propan-1-ol is oxidised by acidified potassium manganate(VII) to give compound Y. Compound Y then reacts with propan-1-ol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid to give ester Z. What is the molecular formula of Z?
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A
Y is propanoic acid, C₃H₆O₂. Z = C₃H₆O₂ + C₃H₈O - H₂O = C₆H₁₂O₂ (propyl propanoate). B is the formula you get from ethanoic acid and propan-1-ol; D is Y itself.
For the teacher: Analysing, high difficulty, Chapter 2, standard 2.3.2
Textbook p. 98
11

Question 11

Apakah nama IUPAC bagi sebatian yang mempunyai formula struktur CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃?What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the structural formula CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃?
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D
The longest chain has 4 carbon atoms (butane) with a methyl branch on carbon 2 (numbered from the end that gives the lowest number): 2-methylbutane.
For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, Chapter 2, standard 2.4.2
Textbook p. 104
12

Question 12

Antara tindak balas berikut, yang manakah eksotermik?Which of the following reactions is exothermic?
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B
Burning fuels releases heat (exothermic). Photosynthesis absorbs light energy, heating limestone to decompose it absorbs heat, and dissolving ammonium chloride makes the water colder (all endothermic).
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, Chapter 3, standard 3.1.1
Textbook p. 116
13

Question 13

Rajah 1 menunjukkan gambar rajah aras tenaga bagi tindak balas A → B. Pernyataan manakah betul?Diagram 1 shows the energy level diagram for the reaction A → B. Which statement is correct?
Energy level diagram: A on a low level, B on a higher level, arrow upwards labelled delta H = +90 kJ per mol
Rajah 1Diagram 1
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C
B is higher than A and ΔH is positive, so the reaction is endothermic. More energy is absorbed to break bonds than is released on forming bonds, and the surroundings get colder.
For the teacher: Understanding, medium difficulty, Chapter 3, standard 3.1.2
Textbook p. 118
14

Question 14

50 cm³ asid etanoik 1.0 mol dm⁻³ ditambah kepada 50 cm³ larutan natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm⁻³ pada suhu awal yang sama. Suhu campuran meningkat sebanyak 6.2 °C. Apakah haba peneutralan dan mengapakah nilainya lebih rendah daripada -57 kJ mol⁻¹ bagi asid hidroklorik dan natrium hidroksida? [Muatan haba tentu larutan = 4.2 J g⁻¹ °C⁻¹; ketumpatan larutan = 1 g cm⁻³]50 cm³ of 1.0 mol dm⁻³ ethanoic acid is added to 50 cm³ of 1.0 mol dm⁻³ sodium hydroxide solution at the same initial temperature. The temperature of the mixture rises by 6.2 °C. What is the heat of neutralisation, and why is it lower than -57 kJ mol⁻¹ for hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide? [Specific heat capacity of solution = 4.2 J g⁻¹ °C⁻¹; density of solution = 1 g cm⁻³]
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D
Q = 100 × 4.2 × 6.2 = 2604 J. Moles of water formed = 1.0 × 50 ÷ 1000 = 0.050 mol. ΔH = -2.604 ÷ 0.050 = -52.1 kJ mol⁻¹. A weak acid ionises only partly, and some of the heat released is used to ionise it completely. -26.0 comes from dividing by 0.10 mol.
For the teacher: Analysing, high difficulty, Chapter 3, standard 3.2.3
Textbook p. 131
15

Question 15

Bahan manakah digunakan sebagai agen pemvulkanan getah asli?Which substance is used as the vulcanising agent for natural rubber?
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B
Sulphur forms cross-links between rubber chains during vulcanisation. Ammonia stops coagulation and methanoic acid causes coagulation of latex.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, Chapter 4, standard 4.2.3
Textbook p. 156
16

Question 16

Propena, CH₃CH=CH₂, mengalami pempolimeran penambahan untuk membentuk polipropena. Apakah unit ulangan bagi polimer ini?Propene, CH₃CH=CH₂, undergoes addition polymerisation to form polypropene. What is the repeat unit of this polymer?
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A
The C=C double bond opens and the two carbon atoms join the chain, so the CH₃ group stays as a side group: -CH₂-CH(CH₃)-. C is the repeat unit of polythene.
For the teacher: Applying, medium difficulty, Chapter 4, standard 4.1.2
Textbook p. 146
17

Question 17

Jadual menunjukkan pemanjangan empat keping getah yang mengandungi peratusan sulfur yang berbeza apabila diberi beban yang sama.
Peratusan sulfur (%)13830
Pemanjangan (cm)14.09.54.00.2
Apakah kesimpulan yang betul?
The table shows the extension of four pieces of rubber containing different percentages of sulphur under the same load.
Percentage of sulphur (%)13830
Extension (cm)14.09.54.00.2
Which conclusion is correct?
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C
The extension falls from 14.0 cm to 0.2 cm as sulphur rises. More sulphur means more cross-links between the chains, so the chains slide past each other less and the rubber is harder.
For the teacher: Analysing, medium difficulty, Chapter 4, standard 4.2.4
Textbook p. 157
18

Question 18

Aspirin ialah contoh ubat jenis apa?Aspirin is an example of which type of medicine?
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D
Aspirin, paracetamol and codeine are analgesics: they relieve pain.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, Chapter 5, standard 5.4
Textbook p. 182
19

Question 19

Setiap molekul sejenis minyak sayuran mengandungi tiga ikatan ganda dua C=C secara keseluruhan. Berapakah mol hidrogen yang diperlukan untuk menepukan 1 mol minyak itu dengan mangkin nikel?Each molecule of a vegetable oil contains three C=C double bonds in total. How many moles of hydrogen are needed to saturate 1 mol of the oil with a nickel catalyst?
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B
Each C=C double bond adds one H₂ molecule, so 3 double bonds need 3 mol of H₂ per mol of oil. 6 mol would be needed if each double bond used two H₂, which is wrong.
For the teacher: Applying, medium difficulty, Chapter 5, standard 5.1
Textbook p. 167
20

Question 20

Langkah-langkah rawatan air sisa industri secara pengelektrogumpalan ialah P: pengenapan kepingan gumpalan, Q: penyaringan sisa pepejal, R: pengelektrogumpalan, S: pengumpulan enapcemar. Antara berikut, yang manakah ialah urutan yang betul?The steps in treating industrial wastewater by electrocoagulation are P: settling of the flocs, Q: screening of solid waste, R: electrocoagulation, S: collection of sludge. Which is the correct sequence?
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A
Solid waste is screened out first (Q), then the wastewater is electrolysed so pollutants form flocs (R), the flocs settle (P) and the sludge is collected (S).
For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, Chapter 5, standard 5.6
Textbook p. 194

Bahagian BSection B

40 marks
Jawab semua soalan. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
21

Question 21

Serbuk aluminium bertindak balas dengan kuprum(II) oksida apabila dipanaskan.
2Al + 3CuO → Al₂O₃ + 3Cu
[Nilai E°: Al³⁺/Al = -1.66 V; Cu²⁺/Cu = +0.34 V]
Aluminium powder reacts with copper(II) oxide when heated.
2Al + 3CuO → Al₂O₃ + 3Cu
[E° values: Al³⁺/Al = -1.66 V; Cu²⁺/Cu = +0.34 V]
[1 mark] (a)Nyatakan perubahan nombor pengoksidaan aluminium.State the change in the oxidation number of aluminium.
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[1 mark] (b)Namakan bahan yang diturunkan.Name the substance that is reduced.
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[1 mark] (c)Tulis persamaan setengah bagi penurunan ion kuprum(II).Write the half equation for the reduction of copper(II) ions.
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[2 marks] (d)Dengan menggunakan nilai E°, terangkan mengapa aluminium boleh menyesarkan kuprum daripada kuprum(II) oksida.Using the E° values, explain why aluminium can displace copper from copper(II) oxide.
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[2 marks] (e)Sebuah sel kimia dibina daripada separuh sel aluminium dan separuh sel kuprum yang disambungkan oleh titi garam. Nyatakan terminal negatif dan fungsi titi garam.A chemical cell is made from an aluminium half-cell and a copper half-cell joined by a salt bridge. State the negative terminal and the function of the salt bridge.
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[2 marks] (f)Hitung voltan sel itu.Calculate the voltage of the cell.
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[1 mark] (g)Nyatakan satu pemerhatian pada elektrod kuprum.State one observation at the copper electrode.
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For the teacher: Applying, low difficulty, Chapter 1, standard 1.3.1
Textbook p. 29
22

Question 22

Rajah 2 menunjukkan carta alir beberapa tindak balas butan-1-ol.Diagram 2 shows a flow chart of some reactions of butan-1-ol.
Butan-1-ol heated with catalyst L (process P) gives but-1-ene; butan-1-ol with acidified potassium dichromate gives compound X; compound X with methanol and catalyst M with heat gives ester Y
Rajah 2Diagram 2
[1 mark] (a)Namakan proses P.Name process P.
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[1 mark] (b)Namakan satu bahan yang boleh digunakan sebagai mangkin L.Name one substance that can be used as catalyst L.
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[1 mark] (c)Namakan sebatian X.Name compound X.
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[1 mark] (d)Nyatakan perubahan warna kalium dikromat(VI) berasid dalam tindak balas ini.State the colour change of the acidified potassium dichromate(VI) in this reaction.
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[1 mark] (e)Namakan jenis tindak balas antara X dengan metanol.Name the type of reaction between X and methanol.
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[1 mark] (f)Namakan mangkin M.Name catalyst M.
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[1 mark] (g)Namakan ester Y.Name ester Y.
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[1 mark] (h)Apakah formula molekul ester Y?What is the molecular formula of ester Y?
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[1 mark] (i)But-1-ena digoncang dengan air bromin. Nyatakan pemerhatian.But-1-ene is shaken with bromine water. State the observation.
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For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, Chapter 2, standard 2.3.2
Textbook p. 98
23

Question 23

Ammonia, NH₃, dihasilkan untuk membuat baja. Persamaan bagi tindak balasnya ialah
N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH₃(g)
[Tenaga ikatan: N≡N = 945, H-H = 436, N-H = 391 kJ mol⁻¹]
Ammonia, NH₃, is made for fertilisers. The equation for the reaction is
N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH₃(g)
[Bond energies: N≡N = 945, H-H = 436, N-H = 391 kJ mol⁻¹]
[1 mark] (a)Hitung tenaga yang diserap untuk memutuskan semua ikatan dalam bahan tindak balas.Calculate the energy absorbed to break all the bonds in the reactants.
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[1 mark] (b)Hitung tenaga yang dibebaskan apabila ikatan dalam hasil terbentuk.Calculate the energy released when the bonds in the product form.
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[2 marks] (c)Hitung ΔH bagi tindak balas ini dan nyatakan sama ada ia eksotermik atau endotermik.Calculate ΔH for this reaction and state whether it is exothermic or endothermic.
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[2 marks] (d)Lukis gambar rajah aras tenaga bagi tindak balas ini. Labelkan bahan tindak balas, hasil dan ΔH.Draw the energy level diagram for this reaction. Label the reactants, the product and ΔH.
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[2 marks] (e)Hitung haba yang dibebaskan apabila 8.5 g ammonia terbentuk. [Jisim atom relatif: H = 1, N = 14]Calculate the heat released when 8.5 g of ammonia forms. [Relative atomic mass: H = 1, N = 14]
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For the teacher: Applying, low difficulty, Chapter 3, standard 3.1.2
Textbook p. 119
24

Question 24

Cucu Puan Salmah demam dan mengalami jangkitan tekak. Doktor memberi sirap parasetamol dan antibiotik. Datuknya pula mengambil tonik ginseng.Puan Salmah's grandson has a fever and a throat infection. The doctor gives him paracetamol syrup and an antibiotic. His grandfather takes a ginseng tonic.
[1 mark] (a)Nyatakan fungsi parasetamol.State the function of paracetamol.
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[1 mark] (b)Nyatakan satu kesan sampingan pengambilan parasetamol secara berlebihan.State one side effect of taking too much paracetamol.
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[1 mark] (c)Antibiotik membunuh jenis mikroorganisma yang manakah?Which type of microorganism does an antibiotic kill?
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[1 mark] (d)Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga apabila mengambil antibiotik.State one precaution when taking an antibiotic.
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[1 mark] (e)Nyatakan satu kegunaan ginseng sebagai ubat tradisional.State one use of ginseng as a traditional medicine.
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[2 marks] (f)Seorang rakan menawarkan krim kecantikan yang tiada label pendaftaran NPRA. Berikan dua sebab krim itu tidak patut digunakan.A friend offers a beauty cream that has no NPRA registration label. Give two reasons why the cream should not be used.
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For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, Chapter 5, standard 5.4
Textbook p. 182
25

Question 25

Etena, C₂H₄, dipolimerkan untuk menghasilkan politena yang digunakan untuk membuat beg plastik.Ethene, C₂H₄, is polymerised to make polythene, which is used for plastic bags.
[1 mark] (a)Namakan jenis pempolimeran ini.Name this type of polymerisation.
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[1 mark] (b)Tulis unit ulangan bagi politena.Write the repeat unit of polythene.
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[1 mark] (c)Mengapakah monomer perlu mempunyai ikatan ganda dua C=C untuk menjalani pempolimeran penambahan?Why must the monomer have a C=C double bond to undergo addition polymerisation?
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[1 mark] (d)Nyatakan satu masalah alam sekitar yang disebabkan oleh pembuangan politena.State one environmental problem caused by the disposal of polythene.
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[2 marks] (e)Sebuah molekul politena mempunyai jisim molekul relatif 28 000. Berapakah bilangan unit etena dalam molekul itu? [Jisim atom relatif: H = 1, C = 12]A molecule of polythene has a relative molecular mass of 28 000. How many ethene units are in the molecule? [Relative atomic mass: H = 1, C = 12]
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For the teacher: Applying, medium difficulty, Chapter 4, standard 4.1.2
Textbook p. 146

Bahagian CSection C

20 marks
Jawab satu soalan sahaja. Setiap soalan bernilai 20 markah.Answer one question only. Each question carries 20 marks.
26Choose 1

Question 26

Sel P mengandungi leburan plumbum(II) bromida, PbBr₂, dan sel Q mengandungi larutan akueus kalium iodida, KI, 1.0 mol dm⁻³. Kedua-dua sel menggunakan elektrod karbon.
[Nilai E°: K⁺/K = -2.92 V; Zn²⁺/Zn = -0.76 V; H⁺/H₂ = 0.00 V; Cu²⁺/Cu = +0.34 V; Ag⁺/Ag = +0.80 V]
Cell P contains molten lead(II) bromide, PbBr₂, and cell Q contains 1.0 mol dm⁻³ aqueous potassium iodide, KI. Both cells use carbon electrodes.
[E° values: K⁺/K = -2.92 V; Zn²⁺/Zn = -0.76 V; H⁺/H₂ = 0.00 V; Cu²⁺/Cu = +0.34 V; Ag⁺/Ag = +0.80 V]
[1 mark] (a)Namakan ion-ion yang hadir dalam sel P.Name the ions present in cell P.
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[1 mark] (b)Tulis persamaan setengah di anod sel P.Write the half equation at the anode of cell P.
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[1 mark] (c)Nyatakan pemerhatian di katod sel P.State the observation at the cathode of cell P.
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[2 marks] (d)Dalam sel Q, namakan ion yang dinyahcas di katod dan terangkan jawapan anda.In cell Q, name the ion discharged at the cathode and explain your answer.
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[1 mark] (e)Tulis persamaan setengah di katod sel Q.Write the half equation at the cathode of cell Q.
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[2 marks] (f)Namakan hasil di anod sel Q dan nyatakan faktor yang menentukan ion yang dinyahcas.Name the product at the anode of cell Q and state the factor that decides which ion is discharged.
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[1 mark] (g)Huraikan ujian kimia untuk mengesahkan hasil di anod sel Q.Describe a chemical test to confirm the product at the anode of cell Q.
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[3 marks] (h)Kuprum tak tulen ditulenkan secara elektrolisis. Nyatakan anod, katod dan elektrolit yang digunakan.Impure copper is purified by electrolysis. State the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte used.
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[2 marks] (i)Tulis persamaan setengah di anod dan di katod dalam penulenan kuprum.Write the half equations at the anode and at the cathode in the purification of copper.
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[1 mark] (j)Mengapakah keamatan warna biru larutan kuprum(II) sulfat tidak berubah?Why does the intensity of the blue colour of the copper(II) sulphate solution not change?
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[5 marks] (k)Kuprum tak tulen itu mengandungi zink dan perak sebagai bendasing. Terangkan apa yang berlaku kepada (i) zink dan (ii) perak semasa elektrolisis.The impure copper contains zinc and silver as impurities. Explain what happens to (i) the zinc and (ii) the silver during the electrolysis.
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For the teacher: Evaluating, medium difficulty, Chapter 1, standard 1.4.5
Textbook p. 44
27Choose 1

Question 27

Hidrokarbon X mengandungi 85.7% karbon mengikut jisim dan mempunyai jisim molekul relatif 56. X menyahwarnakan air bromin. [Jisim atom relatif: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16]Hydrocarbon X contains 85.7% carbon by mass and has a relative molecular mass of 56. X decolourises bromine water. [Relative atomic mass: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16]
[2 marks] (a)Tentukan formula molekul X.Determine the molecular formula of X.
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[1 mark] (b)Namakan siri homolog bagi X.Name the homologous series of X.
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[1 mark] (c)Nyatakan pemerhatian apabila X digoncang dengan air bromin.State the observation when X is shaken with bromine water.
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[3 marks] (d)Hidrokarbon Y mempunyai formula molekul C₅H₁₂. Namakan tiga isomer struktur bagi Y.Hydrocarbon Y has the molecular formula C₅H₁₂. Name three structural isomers of Y.
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[1 mark] (e)Tulis persamaan kimia seimbang bagi pembakaran lengkap Y.Write the balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of Y.
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[2 marks] (f)Hitung jisim karbon dioksida yang terhasil apabila 7.2 g Y terbakar lengkap.Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide formed when 7.2 g of Y burns completely.
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[1 mark] (g)Etanol ditukarkan kepada asid etanoik, yang kemudian bertindak balas dengan lebih banyak etanol untuk menghasilkan ester W. Namakan satu agen pengoksidaan yang boleh digunakan untuk menukar etanol kepada asid etanoik.Ethanol is converted to ethanoic acid, which then reacts with more ethanol to give ester W. Name one oxidising agent that can change ethanol to ethanoic acid.
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[1 mark] (h)Namakan ester W.Name ester W.
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[2 marks] (i)Tulis persamaan kimia bagi pembentukan W.Write the chemical equation for the formation of W.
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[2 marks] (j)Etanol boleh disediakan melalui penapaian glukosa atau penghidratan etena. Nyatakan satu kelebihan setiap kaedah.Ethanol can be prepared by fermentation of glucose or by hydration of ethene. State one advantage of each method.
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[2 marks] (k)Sebuah negara yang mempunyai banyak ladang tebu ingin menghasilkan etanol yang murah untuk dicampur dengan petrol. Pilih satu kaedah dan justifikasikan pilihan anda.A country with many sugar cane plantations wants cheap ethanol to mix with petrol. Choose one method and justify your choice.
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[2 marks] (l)Terangkan mengapa gasohol dikatakan membebaskan lebih sedikit karbon dioksida bersih ke atmosfera berbanding petrol sahaja.Explain why gasohol is said to release less net carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than petrol alone.
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For the teacher: Evaluating, medium difficulty, Chapter 2, standard 2.3.1
Textbook p. 91

Bahagian DSection D

20 marks
Soalan ini mesti dijawab.This question must be answered.
28

Question 28

Satu eksperimen dijalankan untuk menentukan haba pemendakan argentum klorida. 50 cm³ larutan argentum nitrat 1.0 mol dm⁻³ dicampurkan dengan 50 cm³ larutan natrium klorida 1.0 mol dm⁻³ dalam cawan polistirena. Keputusan ditunjukkan dalam jadual.
Suhu awal larutan argentum nitrat29.0 °C
Suhu awal larutan natrium klorida29.0 °C
Suhu tertinggi campuran36.8 °C
[Muatan haba tentu larutan = 4.2 J g⁻¹ °C⁻¹; ketumpatan larutan = 1 g cm⁻³]
An experiment is carried out to determine the heat of precipitation of silver chloride. 50 cm³ of 1.0 mol dm⁻³ silver nitrate solution is mixed with 50 cm³ of 1.0 mol dm⁻³ sodium chloride solution in a polystyrene cup. The results are shown in the table.
Initial temperature of silver nitrate solution29.0 °C
Initial temperature of sodium chloride solution29.0 °C
Highest temperature of the mixture36.8 °C
[Specific heat capacity of solution = 4.2 J g⁻¹ °C⁻¹; density of solution = 1 g cm⁻³]
[2 marks] (a)Tulis persamaan ion bagi pemendakan argentum klorida dan nyatakan pemerhatian.Write the ionic equation for the precipitation of silver chloride and state the observation.
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[1 mark] (b)Mengapakah cawan polistirena digunakan dan bukannya bikar kaca?Why is a polystyrene cup used instead of a glass beaker?
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[1 mark] (c)Hitung bilangan mol argentum klorida yang terbentuk.Calculate the number of moles of silver chloride formed.
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[2 marks] (d)Hitung haba yang dibebaskan dalam eksperimen ini.Calculate the heat released in this experiment.
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[2 marks] (e)Hitung haba pemendakan argentum klorida dalam kJ mol⁻¹.Calculate the heat of precipitation of silver chloride in kJ mol⁻¹.
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[3 marks] (f)Lukis gambar rajah aras tenaga bagi tindak balas ini. Labelkan paksi, bahan tindak balas, hasil dan nilai ΔH.Draw the energy level diagram for this reaction. Label the axis, the reactants, the product and the value of ΔH.
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[3 marks] (g)Eksperimen diulang dengan menggunakan 50 cm³ argentum nitrat 0.5 mol dm⁻³ dan 50 cm³ natrium klorida 0.5 mol dm⁻³. Ramalkan kenaikan suhu, terangkan jawapan anda dan nyatakan haba pemendakan yang diperoleh.The experiment is repeated using 50 cm³ of 0.5 mol dm⁻³ silver nitrate and 50 cm³ of 0.5 mol dm⁻³ sodium chloride. Predict the temperature rise, explain your answer and state the heat of precipitation obtained.
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[6 marks] (h)Rancangkan satu eksperimen makmal untuk membandingkan haba pembakaran metanol, etanol dan propan-1-ol. Jawapan anda mesti mengandungi pemboleh ubah, prosedur dan keputusan yang dijangka.Plan a laboratory experiment to compare the heat of combustion of methanol, ethanol and propan-1-ol. Your answer must include the variables, the procedure and the expected result.
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For the teacher: Evaluating, high difficulty, Chapter 3, standard 3.2.1
Textbook p. 122
Test specification (JSU)
ChapterRememberingUnderstandingApplyingAnalysingEvaluatingCreatingItemsmarks
1. Redox equilibrium2 (2)2 (2)2 (11)1 (1)1 (20)–836
2. Carbon compound3 (11)1 (1)1 (1)1 (1)1 (20)–734
3. Thermochemistry1 (1)1 (1)1 (8)1 (1)1 (20)–531
4. Polymer1 (1)–2 (7)1 (1)––49
5. Consumer and industrial chemistry1 (1)2 (8)1 (1)–––410
Total8 (16)6 (12)7 (28)4 (4)3 (60)0 (0)28120
Each cell shows items (marks).