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Science notes, unit 9

The Earth

Textbook Science Year 1 (DLP), pages 81–88

What this chapter covers

  • {'You can name eight landforms': 'mountain, hill, valley, river, lake, pond, beach and sea (9.1.1)'}
  • You can say which landforms have water and which are high land (9.1.1)
  • You can make a simple landforms model and explain it (9.1.1, 9.2.3)
  • {'You can name three types of soil': 'garden soil, clay and sand (9.2.1)'}
  • You can say what garden soil, clay and sand contain (9.2.2)

9.1Landforms

The Earth has many kinds of land and water. Each kind is a landform.

A landform is a natural shape on the Earth, such as a mountain, a river or a beach.
A beach with sand and waves beside the sea, with a small pond on the land and trees behind
A beach, the sea and a pond.

Picture: Science Year 1 (DLP) textbook, p. 82.

Mountains and hills with a river flowing down to a valley, and a lake on the left
A mountain, a hill, a valley, a river and a lake.

Picture: Science Year 1 (DLP) textbook, p. 83.

Eight landforms

LandformWhat it is like
MountainVery high land
HillHigh land, lower than a mountain
ValleyLow land beside a river or at the foot of a mountain or hill
RiverWater that flows along the land
LakeA big area of water on land
PondA small area of water on land
BeachSand beside the sea
SeaA very big area of salty water
Remember: mountain, hill, valley, river, lake, pond, beach, sea. That is eight landforms.
A lake and a pond both have water on land. A lake is big and a pond is small.
Name two landforms that have water.
Show answerHide answer
Any two of: river, lake, pond, sea.
Which landform is the sand beside the sea?
Show answerHide answer
The beach.

Make a landforms model

In a group, we can make a landforms model on a paper plate.

  1. Sketch where each landform goes on the paper plate.
  2. Make the landforms with clay.
  3. Make patterns of the landforms with a paper clip.
  4. Label every landform, then explain your model to the class.

Activity: Science Year 1 (DLP) textbook, p. 84.

9.2Soil

There are three types of soil on the surface of the Earth. They are important for life.

Three soils: garden soil with earthworms and twigs, grey clay, and sand with small stones
Garden soil, clay and sand.

Picture: Science Year 1 (DLP) textbook, p. 85.

The three types of soil are garden soil, clay and sand.

What is in the soil?

We use a magnifying glass and a pair of forceps to look at what is in garden soil and sand.

SoilWhat it contains
Garden soilTwigs, dry leaves, stones, sand particles and small animals
ClayVery fine soil particles
SandSand particles and small stones

Activity: Science Year 1 (DLP) textbook, pp. 86-87.

Wash your hands after you touch soil. You may wear gloves.
Which soil contains very fine soil particles?
Show answerHide answer
Clay.
Which soil contains twigs and dry leaves?
Show answerHide answer
Garden soil.
Which tool helps us see the soil more closely?
Show answerHide answer
A magnifying glass.

Summary

TopicRemember
LandformsMountain, hill, valley, river, lake, pond, beach, sea
Soil typesGarden soil, clay, sand
Garden soilTwigs, dry leaves, stones, sand particles, small animals
ClayVery fine soil particles
SandSand particles and small stones