Bahasa Inggeris notes, module 8

Amazing animals

Textbook Get Smart Plus 4 (Student's Book), pages 81-92 (Get Smart Plus 4 Student's Book, one volume); Answers to the quiz on p. 118; Phonics 8 on p. 126

What this chapter covers

I can compare animals with short and long adjectives, like "A gorilla is bigger than a monkey" and "Utahraptor was more dangerous than T. rex" (8.1)
{'I can spell comparatives correctly': 'strong - stronger, big - bigger, heavy - heavier, more intelligent (8.1)'}
I can read a comic strip about dinosaurs and say what each character thinks (8.2)
I can read a science text and use as ... as to compare size and length, like "It was as long as two buses" (8.3)
I can use the words carnivore, herbivore and omnivore for what animals eat (8.3)
I can say why I like an animal, using "Because they're cute and funny" (8.4)
I can plan and write about my favourite animal, using because to give a reason (8.5)
I can read the story "Tiny and Leo" and the folk tale "Badang the Brave" and answer questions about them (8.6, 8.7)
I can say and spell words with a silent gh or a silent k, like night, straight, knee and knife (8.8)

Welcome to Module 8! You will compare animals, read about dinosaurs, say why you like an animal and read two stories about being brave and keeping promises.

8.1Do a quiz: comparing animals

Quiz page with six questions comparing a gorilla and a monkey, two elephants, two camels, a panda and a polar bear, a tortoise and a snail, a rhino and a hippo — Animal expert or not? Six comparing questions.

Get Smart Plus 4, p. 81.

We use a comparative to say that one thing has more of a quality than another. We use than after it.

Kind of adjective	Rule	Example
Short	add -er	strong, stronger; fast, faster
One vowel + one consonant	double the consonant, add -er	big, bigger
Ends in -y	change y to -ier	heavy, heavier
Long (two or more syllables)	put more before it	more intelligent, more dangerous

Get Smart Plus 4, p. 81 and p. 82.

Talk to your friend (p. 81)

Which is bigger, a gorilla or a monkey?
A gorilla is bigger than a monkey.

Quiz answers (p. 118): a gorilla is bigger than a monkey; the Asian elephant has smaller ears; the Bactrian camel has more humps; the polar bear is heavier than the panda; a tortoise is faster than a snail; a rhino is stronger than a hippo.

more is also the comparative of much and many: "Which camel has got more humps?"

Use one comparing form only. Write "stronger", never "more stronger", and "bigger than", never "more bigger than".

Write the comparative of: heavy, big, dangerous.

Show answerHide answer

heavier, bigger, more dangerous.

8.2Smart kids: Greg's dinosaur book

Six-picture comic: children in a garden look at a dinosaur book, then find a tooth that is really a piece of flowerpot — Anna and Greg talk about dinosaurs in the garden.

Get Smart Plus 4, p. 82.

The story: Greg's favourite dinosaur is Tyrannosaurus rex, because it is scary. Anna likes Utahraptor, which she says was more dangerous than T. rex. Greg says T. rex had a big brain and was very intelligent, but Anna says Troodon was more intelligent. Then Anna finds a "dinosaur tooth". Greg thinks it is a Utahraptor tooth, but Anna says it is not. It is only a piece of a flowerpot!

Who	Favourite dinosaur	Reason
Greg	Tyrannosaurus rex	It is really scary and had a big brain.
Anna	Utahraptor	It was more dangerous than T. rex.

Value: Investigate the world around you. Do not decide before you check the facts.

For the past, use was / were and the comparative: "Troodon was more intelligent than Stegosaurus."

Who was more intelligent, T. rex or Troodon, according to Anna?

Show answerHide answer

Troodon was more intelligent than T. rex.

8.3Our world: Dinosaurs

A science page with photos of Gallimimus, Tyrannosaurus rex and Diplodocus models — Gallimimus, Tyrannosaurus rex and Diplodocus.

Get Smart Plus 4, p. 84.

Dinosaurs ("terrible lizards") lived on Earth 245 million years ago. Three facts:

Dinosaur	What it was like	What it ate
Gallimimus	small head, big eyes, a beak, a long neck, looked like an ostrich but had no wings	animals and plants: an omnivore
Tyrannosaurus rex	strong legs, short arms with sharp claws, head as big as a small car	meat: one of the biggest carnivores
Diplodocus	as long as two buses and a car, with a very long neck	plants and tree leaves: a herbivore

carnivore eats meat. herbivore eats plants. omnivore eats both animals and plants.

Pattern: as ... as

Use as + adjective + as to say two things are the same size or length.

From the text (p. 85)

Its head was as big as a small car.
It was as long as two buses and a car.

Use the plain adjective in as ... as: "as long as", not "as longer as". Use the comparative with than: "longer than".

What does a herbivore eat? What did Diplodocus eat?

Show answerHide answer

A herbivore eats plants. Diplodocus ate plants and tree leaves.

8.4Let's play: Why do you like...?

Ask "Why do you like giraffes?" and answer with Because and an adjective. Words on p. 86: kitten, bunny, cub, chick; pretty, intelligent, dangerous, heavy, funny, noisy, cute.

Question	Answer
Why do you like giraffes?	Because they're tall and pretty.
Why do you like kittens?	Because they're cute and funny.

Get Smart Plus 4, p. 86.

A young animal is a kitten (cat), bunny (rabbit), cub (lion, tiger, cheetah) or chick (hen). The name of the animal is plural, so use they're.

Answer: "Why do you like pandas?" (use the adjectives cute and big).

Show answerHide answer

Because they're cute and big. (Any answer starting with Because they're plus a sensible adjective.)

8.5Project: My favourite animal

Kinah writes about Malayan tigers. Her plan has five questions:

Question	Kinah's answer
Where do they live?	in forests in Malaysia and parts of Thailand
What do they look like?	orange with black stripes; smaller than many tigers but very strong
What do they eat?	large animals like monkeys, deer or goats
Interesting facts	very good hunters; like to swim and play in rivers and lakes
Why do you like them?	because they are very strong and beautiful animals

Get Smart Plus 4, p. 87.

Writing tip: Choose an animal, answer important questions in a plan, then use the plan to write. Use because to give a reason.

A reason with because goes in the same sentence: "I like tigers because they are strong." Do not write "Because they are strong." alone as a full sentence in your paragraph.

Answer "Where does it live?" for an animal you know, in one full sentence.

Show answerHide answer

For example: Elephants live in forests and grasslands in Asia and Africa. (a true fact in a full sentence).

8.6Story time: Tiny and Leo

Tiny is a cute little mouse. He is smaller than his friends but more intelligent. In the forest he finds a mango, but it is too heavy to carry. A hungry, dangerous snake in the tree offers to carry it in its mouth, but Tiny knows the snake wants to eat him. Leo the lion hears the snake. He thinks, "I'm going to save the mouse", and he throws the snake far away. Tiny hides behind the mango, and then Leo picks up the mango and Tiny with his big claws...

Get Smart Plus 4, pp. 88-89.

Character	What we know
Tiny	small, intelligent, scared
The snake	hungry and dangerous; pretends to help
Leo	brave; saves Tiny

Why was Tiny scared of the snake?

Show answerHide answer

He knew that the snake wanted to eat him.

8.7Let's Read: Badang the Brave

Badang is a doctor. An old man asks him to come to the palace to save his daughter and promises gold. The old man turns into a crocodile, and Badang is scared. He cannot swim, but the crocodile, the king of the crocodiles, carries him on his back. Badang saves the princess. The king gives him gold and a jewelled sword and says, "Keep our secret." Badang promises, but at home he tells his friend Tabiko, who starts to think about getting the gold too.

Get Smart Plus 4, pp. 90-91.

Value: Keep your promises.

Word	Meaning
bamboo	a tall plant with hollow stems
medicine	what a doctor gives to a sick person
princess	a king's daughter
sword	a long blade used for fighting
village	a small place in the country where people live

Which is the best title: The King of the Crocodiles, Badang the Brave, or The Old Man and the Crocodile?

Show answerHide answer

The story is about what Badang does, so the best title is Badang the Brave.

8.8Phonics: silent gh and silent k

Some letters are written but not said. In night and straight the letters gh are silent. In knee and knife the letter k is silent.

Silent letters	Words	How we say them
gh	night, straight	/nait/, /streit/
k	knee, knife	/niː/, /naif/

Get Smart Plus 4, p. 126 (Phonics 8, chant "My cat").

The chant "My cat" has these words: night, straight, knee.

Silent letters are still part of the spelling. Write knife, not "nife", and night, not "nite".

Which letters are silent in straight and in knee?

Show answerHide answer

gh in straight; k in knee.

Summary

Topic	Remember
Comparatives	stronger, bigger, heavier, more intelligent, more dangerous; use than.
as ... as	as big as, as long as: same size.
Diets	carnivore: meat; herbivore: plants; omnivore: both.
Reasons	Why do you like them? Because they're cute and funny.
Writing	Plan with five questions, then write; use because.
Stories	Tiny and Leo; Badang the Brave. Keep your promises.
Phonics	silent gh: night, straight. Silent k: knee, knife.
Values	Know about the animal kingdom. Investigate the world around you. Learn about creatures of the past. Keep your promises.