Science questions, unit 2

Nama / NameKelas / ClassTarikh / Date

Humans

44 marks. Use Practice to check each answer as you go, or Exam to answer everything first. Ask a grown-up to help you mark the written answers.

Section A: objective questions

10 marks

Choose the best answer for each question.

Question 1

Diagram 1 shows the human skeleton. Which labelled part protects the brain from injury?

Human skeleton with five parts labelled P (skull), Q (ribs), R (backbone), S (arm bone) and T (leg bone) — Diagram 1

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P is the skull. The skull protects the brain from injury.

For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 2.1.1

Textbook p. 20

Question 2

What is the function of the ribs?

To support the whole body
To protect the internal organs such as the lungs and heart
To protect the brain
To make the head turn

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The ribs form a cage around the lungs and the heart. The backbone supports the body and the skull protects the brain.

For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, standard 2.1.1

Textbook p. 21

Question 3

What is a joint?

A bone that protects the heart
A tube that carries blood
A place where two or more bones are joined together
An organ that pumps blood

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A joint is a place where two or more bones are joined together, for example the knee.

For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 2.1.2

Textbook p. 22

Question 4

Diagram 2 shows Ravi's arm covered with a bandage. Why can he not bend his arm?

A boy with a bandaged arm who cannot bend it — Diagram 2

His arm has no bones
His blood is not flowing
His skull is injured
His bones are prevented from moving at the joint

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The bandage stops the bones from moving at the joint. This shows what it is like to have no joints.

For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, standard 2.1.3

Textbook p. 23

Question 5

Hana bends and straightens her legs when she does squats. Which joints make this possible?

Neck and shoulders
Knees and hips
Shoulders and backbone
Wrists and neck

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The joints at the knees and hips let the legs bend and straighten.

For the teacher: Applying, medium difficulty, standard 2.1.3

Textbook p. 25

Question 6

What is the main function of the heart?

To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
To protect the lungs
To pump blood to the lungs and the whole body
To carry blood to every part of the body

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The heart pumps blood. Blood vessels carry the blood and the lungs exchange the gases.

For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 2.2.1

Textbook p. 28

Question 7

Which is the correct pathway of blood that is rich in oxygen?

Lungs, heart, human body
Human body, heart, lungs
Heart, human body, lungs
Human body, lungs, heart

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Blood picks up oxygen in the lungs. It goes to the heart, which pumps it to the whole body.

For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, standard 2.2.2

Textbook p. 30

Question 8

Which substance does the blood transport from the whole body to the lungs to be removed?

Oxygen
Nutrients
Carbon dioxide
Water

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The body produces carbon dioxide. Blood carries it to the lungs, where it leaves the body when we exhale.

For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, standard 2.2.3

Textbook p. 33

Question 9

Diagram 3 shows food stuck in a boy's oesophagus. Which two systems are disrupted?

Food stuck in the oesophagus beside the trachea and lungs — Diagram 3

Skeletal and digestive systems
Skeletal and respiratory systems
Blood circulatory and skeletal systems
Digestive and respiratory systems

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Food blocks the oesophagus (digestive system) and stops air from entering the trachea (respiratory system).

For the teacher: Analysing, medium difficulty, standard 2.3.1

Textbook p. 36

Question 10

Which habit helps to keep the skeletal system healthy?

Drinking milk and doing physical activities
Eating fatty food every day
Staying away from smoke only
Drinking enough water only

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Milk contains calcium for strong bones and physical activities strengthen bones. Water is for the digestive system.

For the teacher: Applying, medium difficulty, standard 2.3.3

Textbook p. 40

Section B: structured questions

34 marks

Answer all questions. Circle the answer or write it in the space.

Question 11

Look at Diagram 1 again. Name each labelled part. Choose from: skull, ribs, backbone, hand bone, leg bone.

Human skeleton with five parts labelled P, Q, R, S and T — Diagram 1

[1 mark] (a)P

ASkullBRibsCBackboneDHand boneELeg bone

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Skull

[1 mark] (b)Q

ASkullBRibsCBackboneDHand boneELeg bone

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Ribs

[1 mark] (c)R

ASkullBRibsCBackboneDHand boneELeg bone

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Backbone

[1 mark] (d)T

ASkullBRibsCBackboneDHand boneELeg bone

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Leg bone

For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 2.1.1

Textbook p. 20

Question 12

Diagram 4 shows the ribs.

Rib cage covering the lungs, heart, liver and stomach — Diagram 4

[1 mark] (a)State the function of the ribs.

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Protect the internal organs1

Tick each point you got.

[2 marks] (b)Name two organs that the ribs protect.

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Any 2 points

Lungs1
Heart1
Accept: liver / stomach (labelled in the diagram)1

Tick each point you got.

For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, standard 2.1.1

Textbook p. 21

Question 13

Ravi's arm is covered with a bandage, as in Diagram 2.

[1 mark] (a)Can Ravi bend his arm?

AYesBNo

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[1 mark] (b)Explain why.

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His bones are prevented from moving at the joint (elbow)1

Tick each point you got.

[1 mark] (c)What does this show about the function of joints?

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Joints allow movement / flexibility of the body1

Tick each point you got.

For the teacher: Understanding, medium difficulty, standard 2.1.3

Textbook p. 23

Question 14

Diagram 5 shows the positions of the joints in the human skeleton.

Skeleton with circles at the neck, shoulder, backbone, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle — Diagram 5

[2 marks] (a)Name two joints in the leg.

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Any 2 points

Hip1
Knee1
Ankle1
Any two1

Tick each point you got.

[1 mark] (b)Name one joint that lets the head turn.

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Neck (joint)1

Tick each point you got.

For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 2.1.2

Textbook p. 22

Question 15

Match each part of the blood circulatory system to its function.

[1 mark] (a)Heart

APumps bloodBTransports blood through a network of tubesCTransports oxygen, nutrients, water and waste productsDPlace where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

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Pumps blood

[1 mark] (b)Blood vessels

APumps bloodBTransports blood through a network of tubesCTransports oxygen, nutrients, water and waste productsDPlace where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

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Transports blood through a network of tubes

[1 mark] (c)Blood

APumps bloodBTransports blood through a network of tubesCTransports oxygen, nutrients, water and waste productsDPlace where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

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Transports oxygen, nutrients, water and waste products

[1 mark] (d)Lungs

APumps bloodBTransports blood through a network of tubesCTransports oxygen, nutrients, water and waste productsDPlace where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

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Place where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 2.2.1

Textbook p. 28

Question 16

Diagram 6 shows the blood circulatory pathway. Red arrows show blood rich in oxygen and blue arrows show blood rich in carbon dioxide.

Blood circulatory pathway between three labelled places: P (lungs), Q (heart) and R (human body) — Diagram 6

[1 mark] (a)Which letter is the organ where oxygen enters the blood?

APBQCR

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P is the lungs. Air we inhale enters the lungs and oxygen is absorbed into the blood.

[1 mark] (b)Use the letters P, Q and R to show the pathway of blood rich in oxygen.

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P → Q → R (lungs → heart → human body)1

Tick each point you got.

[1 mark] (c)Use the letters to show the pathway of blood rich in carbon dioxide.

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R → Q → P (human body → heart → lungs)1

Tick each point you got.

[1 mark] (d)Which gas is removed from the blood at the lungs when we exhale?

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Carbon dioxide1

Tick each point you got.

For the teacher: Applying, low difficulty, standard 2.2.2

Textbook p. 30

Question 17

Systems in the body cannot function independently. Answer these questions about what happens when one system is disrupted.

[1 mark] (a)A boy chokes on food that is stuck in his oesophagus (Diagram 3). Besides the digestive system, which system is also disrupted?

ARespiratory systemBSkeletal systemCBlood circulatory system

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Respiratory system

[1 mark] (b)Explain your answer in (a).

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The food blocks air from entering the trachea, so breathing becomes difficult1

Tick each point you got.

[1 mark] (c)A boy fractures a bone in his arm and the arm becomes swollen. State the other system that is disrupted.

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Blood circulatory system (blood flow is disrupted)1

Tick each point you got.

[1 mark] (d)Name the system that is closely related to the blood circulatory system because we breathe in oxygen.

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Respiratory system1

Tick each point you got.

For the teacher: Analysing, medium difficulty, standard 2.3.1

Textbook p. 36

Question 18

Hana eats fried food and sweet drinks every day and seldom exercises. Diagram 7 shows what can build up in her blood vessels.

A heart and a blood vessel with a yellow layer building up inside it — Diagram 7

[1 mark] (a)Name the substance that has built up in the blood vessel.

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Cholesterol plaque1

Tick each point you got.

[2 marks] (b)How does this affect the blood vessel and the heart?

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The blood vessel becomes narrow1
The heart has to work harder to pump blood1

Tick each point you got.

[2 marks] (c)Suggest two things Hana should do to protect her blood circulatory system.

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Any 2 points

Reduce food high in fat and sugar1
Exercise regularly1
Any two1

Tick each point you got.

For the teacher: Evaluating, medium difficulty, standard 2.3.2

Textbook p. 38

Question 19

Make a healthy-living plan for a week. Write one habit that protects each of the four systems.

[1 mark] (a)Skeletal system

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Any 1 points

Drink milk / eat food rich in calcium1
Do physical activities1
Wear a helmet / protective gear / seat belt1

Tick each point you got.

[1 mark] (b)Respiratory system

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Any 1 points

Avoid cigarettes / smoke1
Live in a clean environment1
Wash hands often1

Tick each point you got.

[1 mark] (c)Digestive system

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Any 1 points

Eat food rich in fibre (vegetables, fruits, whole grains)1
Drink enough water1

Tick each point you got.

[1 mark] (d)Blood circulatory system

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Any 1 points

Eat less food high in fat and sugar1
Exercise regularly1

Tick each point you got.

For the teacher: Creating, high difficulty, standard 2.3.3

Textbook p. 40

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