Bahasa Inggeris notes, unit 4
Step Up!
Textbook English Year 6 SK (Buku Teks Bahasa Inggeris Tahun 6, KSSR), pages 31-40 (English Year 6 SK, Unit 4 Step Up!)
What this chapter covers
- I can listen to a conversation about bullying and fill in a form with the key facts (4.1)
- I can talk about a pamphlet on cyber bullying and say how to stay safe online (4.2)
- I can read a blog on animal abuse and complete a table with the definition, types, effects and prevention (4.3)
- I can read a newspaper article on vandalism and sort the types, reasons and prevention ideas (4.4)
- I can use the details of an online invitation to write an announcement for the school assembly (4.5)
- I can turn short notes into sentences about caring for pets (4.5)
- I can use the relative pronouns who, whom and which correctly (4.6)
- I can recite a poem and give advice about polite public behaviour (4.7)
Unit 4 is called Step Up! It is about taking a stand against things that harm people, animals and property: bullying, cyber bullying, animal abuse and vandalism. You will also learn the relative pronouns who, whom and which.
4.1Listening and speaking: reporting a bully
Kamal from 6 Robotics goes to the school counsellor to report a bully. The counsellor asks questions to fill in a report form.
| Form item | What Kamal says |
|---|---|
| Name and class | Kamal, 6 Robotics |
| Problem | Boys from a neighbouring school threaten him and ask for money |
| How often | Every morning |
| Where | On the way to school |
| Contact | His father, Encik Rosli |
English Year 6 SK, p. 32.
bully: a person who hurts or frightens others again and again. Report a bully to a teacher, a counsellor or a parent.
Useful questions for a report: What did they do? How often does this happen? Where did it happen? Who can we call?
Which question gives the answer "Every morning"?
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"How often does this happen?"
4.2Cyber bullying pamphlet
English Year 6 SK, p. 33.
cyber bullying: bullying through mobile phones, computers or other devices, for example by text messages, chats and websites.
| Box | Main idea |
|---|---|
| Why stop it? | It lowers confidence and self-esteem, causes embarrassment and shame, and can lead to depression or anxiety. |
| How to prevent it | Keep passwords safe and change them often; set profiles to private; never share personal information with strangers; never open messages from unknown people; if nothing works, block the sender and save the messages as evidence. |
| Studies | In a study of primary and secondary pupils, 13% said they were victims and 26% said they had been bullied at least once. |
To ask about a text, use a question word: "What is the pamphlet about?" "It is about cyber bullying."
Name two ways to prevent cyber bullying.
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Any two: keep passwords safe, set profiles to private, never share personal information, never open messages from unknown people, block the sender and save the evidence.
4.3Reading: animal abuse
Idith reads a blog about animal abuse. Abuse means to cause pain and suffering. Animals are beaten, starved and used for scientific research, and millions die each year.
| Part | What the blog says |
|---|---|
| Definition | Causing pain and suffering to animals |
| Types | Animals are beaten, starved and used for scientific research |
| Effect | Millions of helpless animals die every year |
| Prevention | Read and watch to learn more, take care of animal habitats, join events to protect animals, do charity work at a shelter, donate to animal organisations, adopt abandoned animals |
English Year 6 SK, p. 34.
To fill in a table, find the heading words in the text (definition, types, effect, prevention) and copy only the short answer, not the whole sentence.
What does "abuse" mean in the blog?
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To cause pain and suffering.
4.4Reading: Stop Vandalism!
English Year 6 SK, p. 35.
vandalism: destroying other people's property, such as benches, bins or windows. A person who does it is a vandal. It is a crime. Graffiti is writing or drawing on public walls.
| Brace map | Details |
|---|---|
| Types | Damaging benches, garbage bins and windows; graffiti |
| Reasons | Bored, angry, influenced by friends, taking revenge |
| Prevention | Report it; paint murals in places that get graffiti; young patrols and volunteers who clean up litter; find out how and why it happens and make a plan |
Meet a new word? Read the sentence around it first, then check the dictionary. "Prevention is better than cure" means it is wiser to stop a problem before it starts.
Is vandalism only a small problem, not a crime? Explain.
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No. The article says vandalism is against the law, so it is a crime.
4.5Writing: an announcement and notes into sentences
English Year 6 SK, p. 36.
An announcement uses the facts of the invitation
Good morning, everyone. The Tunas Pet Project is going to organise an animal fair at Harmony Hall on 12 April at 8:00 a.m. It is free, and pupils, teachers and parents are welcome.An announcement answers: what the event is, when, where, who may come and why (the objectives and activities).
Notes into sentences (p. 37)
| Notes | Sentence |
|---|---|
| feed - pets - regularly | We should feed our pets regularly. |
| feed them - nutritious food | We need to feed them nutritious food. |
| remember - give - water | We must remember to give them water. |
Notes leave out small words. Add the subject (we), a helping word (should, must, need to) and the little words (to, our, them) so the sentence is complete.
Write one sentence from these notes: take - pets - veterinarian - occasionally
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We should take our pets to the veterinarian occasionally.
4.6Grammar: relative pronouns who, whom, which
A relative pronoun joins two ideas into one sentence. It tells us more about a noun.
| Pronoun | Used for | Example |
|---|---|---|
| who | a person, as the subject | The man who lives in the bungalow is my uncle. |
| whom | a person, as the object | They hired the man whom we interviewed yesterday. |
| which | a thing or an animal | The bag which he bought last week is torn. |
English Year 6 SK, pp. 38-39.
Joining sentences
A doctor is a person. He treats sick people.A doctor is a person who treats sick people.
Do not use which for a person. Say "the girl who won", not "the girl which won".
Ask: is the noun a person or a thing? Person: who (does the action) or whom (receives the action). Thing: which.
Fill in: "The shirt ______ Najmee bought cost RM60."
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which (a shirt is a thing).
4.7Language arts: the poem "Don't do this, don't do that"
This poem by John Kitching lists many things a child is told not to do, such as scraping a plate, teasing the cat and slurping tea. It ends with the question, "Whatever can I do?" The poem is funny, but it reminds us that some habits are impolite in front of others.
English Year 6 SK, p. 40.
When you give advice, be kind and clear: "It is not polite to pick your nose in public. Please use a tissue and wash your hands."
Give one reason to avoid bad habits in public.
Show answerHide answer
Any sensible reason: they are impolite, they can upset others, they are not clean or healthy.
Summary
| Topic | Remember |
|---|---|
| Reporting | Say what happened, how often, where, and give a contact. |
| Cyber bullying | Keep passwords safe, private profiles, never open messages from strangers, block and save evidence. |
| Animal abuse | Abuse means pain and suffering; prevent it by learning, protecting habitats, donating and adopting. |
| Vandalism | Destroying property is a crime; reasons: bored, angry, peers, revenge. |
| Announcement | What, when, where, who, why. |
| Grammar | who (person, subject), whom (person, object), which (thing). |