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Chemistry questions, chapter 1
Nama / NameKelas / ClassTarikh / Date

Introduction to Chemistry

39 marks. Use Practice to check each answer as you go, or Exam to answer everything against the clock first.

Section A: objective questions

12 marks
Choose the best answer for each question.
1

Question 1

Which statement best describes chemistry?
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C
Chemistry studies the structures, properties, compositions and interactions between matter (p. 4).
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 1.1.1
Textbook p. 4
2

Question 2

Which of the following is a chemical used in agriculture?
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B
Fertilisers, herbicides, pesticides and fungicides are used in agriculture. Analgesic is medicine, detergent is industry and antioxidant is food.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 1.1.2
Textbook p. 5
3

Question 3

Which sequence shows the development of food preservation technology from oldest to newest?
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D
Figure 1.3 shows salt or sugar first, then freezing, then nanotechnology (nanocapsules).
For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, standard 1.1.3
Textbook p. 6
4

Question 4

A scientist develops a new cream that makes skin look younger. Which career is this?
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A
Producing cosmetic products is the work of a cosmetic chemist.
For the teacher: Applying, medium difficulty, standard 1.1.4
Textbook p. 7
5

Question 5

A statement about the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable that can be tested is called
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D
A hypothesis is a general statement about the relationship between the manipulated and responding variables that can be tested.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 1.2.1
Textbook p. 9
6

Question 6

Which step comes immediately after identifying the variables in the scientific method?
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B
Order: observation, inference, problem, hypothesis, identifying variables, controlling variables, planning, collecting data, interpreting, conclusion, report.
For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, standard 1.2.1
Textbook p. 9
7

Question 7

In an experiment to study the effect of temperature on the solubility of salt, which is the fixed variable?
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C
Temperature is manipulated, solubility is responding. Volume of water, mass of salt and time are kept fixed.
For the teacher: Applying, medium difficulty, standard 1.2.2
Textbook p. 10
8

Question 8

Which equipment should be used to carry out an experiment that releases toxic chlorine gas?
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D
A fume chamber is for experiments that release toxic vapours or pungent gases such as chlorine.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 1.3.1
Textbook p. 13
9

Question 9

Why is sodium stored in paraffin oil?
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B
Reactive metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium react with moisture in air, so paraffin oil keeps air away.
For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, standard 1.3.2
Textbook p. 15
10

Question 10

Concentrated nitric acid decomposes easily in light. How should it be stored?
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A
Substances that decompose in light are stored in dark bottles.
For the teacher: Applying, low difficulty, standard 1.3.2
Textbook p. 15
11

Question 11

A technician has waste containing ethanol, broken glass, concentrated sulphuric acid and dilute hydrogen peroxide. Which waste may be poured directly into the sink?
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C
Low-concentration hydrogen peroxide may be poured into the sink. Ethanol (organic solvent) and strong acid must not; glass goes into a special container.
For the teacher: Analysing, high difficulty, standard 1.3.2
Textbook p. 16
12

Question 12

A mercury thermometer breaks in the laboratory. Which substance is sprinkled on the spill?
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D
Sulphur powder is sprinkled to cover a mercury spill. Sand is used to border an ordinary chemical spill.
For the teacher: Applying, low difficulty, standard 1.3.3
Textbook p. 18

Section B: structured questions

27 marks
Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
13

Question 13

Chemicals are used in many areas of daily life.
[1 mark] (a)What is meant by chemistry?
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Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (b)State one example of a chemical used in each of: (i) medicine, (ii) agriculture.
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Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (c)Give one career related to chemistry and the field it belongs to.
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Tick each point you got.
For the teacher: Understanding, low difficulty, standard 1.1
Textbook p. 5
14

Question 14

A student investigates whether sugar dissolves faster in hot water than in cold water. 100 cm³ of water at 20 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C is used, each with 10 g of sugar stirred in the same way.
[1 mark] (a)State the manipulated variable.
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Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)State the responding variable.
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[2 marks] (c)State two fixed variables.
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[2 marks] (d)Write a suitable hypothesis.
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For the teacher: Applying, low difficulty, standard 1.2
Textbook p. 10
15

Question 15

Diagram 1 shows a student wearing personal protective equipment in the laboratory.
Student wearing safety goggles, face mask, gloves, laboratory coat and laboratory shoes
Diagram 1
[1 mark] (a)State the function of safety goggles.
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Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Why is a laboratory coat worn when handling acids?
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Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (c)State the function of a fume chamber and give one example of a substance used in it.
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Tick each point you got.
For the teacher: Remembering, low difficulty, standard 1.3.1
Textbook p. 12
16

Question 16

A laboratory stores the following chemicals: potassium, hydrogen peroxide solution and mercury.
[2 marks] (a)How is potassium stored? Explain why.
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Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Why is hydrogen peroxide solution kept in a dark bottle?
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Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (c)Describe how mercury should be stored.
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[1 mark] (d)Explain why solutions of heavy metals must not be poured into the sink.
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For the teacher: Analysing, medium difficulty, standard 1.3.2
Textbook p. 15
17

Question 17

A pupil breaks a mercury thermometer on the laboratory floor and wants to pick up the mercury with bare hands.
[2 marks] (a)Why is this dangerous?
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Tick each point you got.
[3 marks] (b)State three steps the class should take.
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Any 3 points
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (c)State two symptoms of mercury poisoning.
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Any 2 points
Tick each point you got.
For the teacher: Evaluating, medium difficulty, standard 1.3.3
Textbook p. 17